Filed pursuant to General Instruction II.L. of Form F-10
File No. 333-206994
No securities regulatory authority has expressed an opinion about these securities and it is an offence to claim otherwise.
This prospectus supplement, together with the short form base shelf prospectus dated October 16, 2015 (the Prospectus) to which it relates, as amended or supplemented, and each document deemed to be incorporated by reference into the Prospectus, as amended or supplemented, and this prospectus supplement constitutes a public offering of these securities only in those jurisdictions where they may be lawfully offered for sale and therein only by persons permitted to sell such securities.
Information has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement from documents filed with securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada. Copies of the documents incorporated herein by reference may be obtained on request without charge from the Corporate Secretary of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V7X 1T2, telephone (604) 632-3473, and are also available electronically at www.sec.gov/edgar.shtml or www.sedar.com.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
To the Short Form Base Shelf Prospectus Dated October 16, 2015
Secondary Offering | July 15, 2016 |
AURINIA PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
3,752,542 Common Shares
This prospectus supplement relates to the periodic resale of common shares (Common Shares) in the capital of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Aurinia or the Company) by the Selling Securityholders (as defined under the heading Selling Securityholders) during the period that the Prospectus, including any amendments thereto, remains valid (the Offering). In connection with the recent sale of securities (the June 2016 Private Placement), on a private placement basis, to the Selling Securityholders, this prospectus supplement covers resales by the Selling Securityholders, from time to time, of up to 2,779,661 Common Shares in the capital of the Company and up to 972,881 Common Shares issuable on the exercise of Common Share purchase warrants (the 2016 Warrants and collectively, the Registrable Common Shares). See Plan of Distribution. In connection with the Offering, we entered into a registration rights agreement dated June 22, 2016 (the Registration Rights Agreement) with each of the Selling Securityholders. We agreed in the Registration Rights Agreement to bear all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the Registrable Common Shares, other than fees and disbursements of counsel to the Selling Securityholders.
The Common Shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) under the symbol AUP and the NASDAQ Capital Market (the NASDAQ) under the symbol AUPH. The closing price of the Common Shares on July 14, 2016, the last trading date before the date hereof, was C$3.98 per Common Share on the TSX and US$3.09 per Common Share on the NASDAQ.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully read the Risk Factors section in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, as well as the information under the heading Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Information in this prospectus supplement, and consider such notes and information in connection with an investment in any securities.
The Selling Securityholders may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of the Registrable Common Shares or interests in the Registrable Common Shares on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the Registrable Common Shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. Prices may vary from purchaser to purchaser during the period of distribution. See Plan of Distribution. This prospectus supplement has not been filed in respect of, and will not qualify, any distribution of the Registrable Common Shares in British Columbia or in any other province or territory of Canada at any time. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholders. The net proceeds received from the sale or other disposition of the Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholders, if any, is unknown. See under the heading Selling Securityholders for further information.
We are permitted under a multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the securities regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States to prepare this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus in accordance with the disclosure requirements of Canada. Prospective investors in the United States should be aware that such requirements are different from those of the United States. The financial statements incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and are subject to Canadian auditing and auditor independence standards. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to financial statements of United States companies.
Owning our securities may subject you to tax consequences both in Canada and the United States, including the Canadian federal income tax consequences applicable to a foreign controlled corporation that acquires Common Shares. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus may not describe these tax consequences fully. You should read the tax discussion in this prospectus supplement together with the accompanying Prospectus and consult your own tax advisor with respect to your own particular circumstances. See Material U.S. Federal Income Taxation Considerations and Certain Canadian Federal Income Tax Considerations and Risk Factors.
Your ability to enforce civil liabilities under the United States federal securities laws may be affected adversely because we are incorporated in Canada, some of our officers and directors and the experts named in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus are Canadian residents, and a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of those officers, directors and experts are located outside of the United States. See Enforceability of Certain Civil Liabilities.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), nor any state securities regulator has approved or disapproved the securities offered hereby or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying Prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence.
No underwriter has been involved in the preparation of this prospectus supplement or performed any review of the contents of this prospectus supplement.
The Companys registered office is located at #201, 17904 105 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T5S 2H5, Canada. The Companys head office is located at #1203-4464 Markham Street, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada.
Investors should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement, the Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein is accurate only as of the respective dates of the documents in which such information appears, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement or of any sale of the Registrable Common Shares.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document is in two parts. The first part is the prospectus supplement, which describes the terms of the Offering and adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference therein. The second part is the accompanying Prospectus, which gives more general information, some of which may not apply to the Registrable Common Shares. This prospectus supplement is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the accompanying Prospectus solely for the purpose of this Offering. If information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the accompanying Prospectus or the information incorporated by reference, you should rely on this prospectus supplement. You should read both this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, together with the additional information about us in the section of this prospectus supplement entitled Where You Can Find More Information.
You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus. The Company has not authorized anyone to provide you with different information.
The Registrable Common Shares covered hereby may be offered only in the jurisdictions where such offers are permitted and the Registrable Common Shares are not being offered or sold in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference is accurate only as of their respective dates, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
Market data and certain industry forecasts used in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus were obtained from market research, publicly available information and industry publications. We believe that these sources are generally reliable, but the accuracy and completeness of this information is not guaranteed. We have not independently verified such information, and we do not make any representation as to the accuracy of such information.
Unless stated otherwise or if the context otherwise requires, all references to dollar amounts, $ or US$ in this prospectus supplement are references to U.S. dollars and references to CDN$ are to Canadian dollars. In this prospectus supplement, where applicable, and unless otherwise indicated, amounts are converted from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars and vice versa by applying the noon rate of exchange for conversion of one Canadian dollar to U.S. dollars as reported by the Bank of Canada on July 14, 2016. See Exchange Rate Information.
In this prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, unless the context otherwise requires, references to we, us, our or similar terms, as well as references to Aurinia or the Company, refer to Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., either alone or together with our subsidiaries.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference herein contains forward-looking statements or forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable securities legislation. Forward-looking information is provided as of the date of this prospectus supplement and the Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update this forward-looking information, except as required by law.
A statement is forward-looking when it uses what the Company knows and expects today to make a statement about the future. Forward-looking statements may include words such as anticipate, believe, intend, expect, goal, may, outlook, plan, seek, should, strive, target, could, continue, potential
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and estimated, or the negative of such terms or comparable terminology. You should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, particularly those concerning anticipated events relating to the development, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and marketing of the Companys product and the timing or magnitude of those events, as they are inherently risky and uncertain.
Securities laws encourage companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can get a better understanding of the Companys future prospects and make informed investment decisions. These statements, made in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus or a document incorporated by reference herein, may include, among other things, statements with respect to:
| the Offering, including the terms, potential completion and expected closing date of the Offering and the intended use of proceeds of the Offering; |
| plans to fund the Companys operations; |
| statements concerning strategic alternatives and future operations; |
| partnering activities; summary statements relating to results of the past voclosporin trials or plans to advance the development of voclosporin; |
| statements concerning partnership activities and health regulatory discussions; |
| the timing of commencement and completion of clinical trials; |
| the Companys intention to seek regulatory approvals in the United States and Europe for voclosporin; |
| the Companys intention to seek additional corporate alliances and collaborative agreements to support the commercialization and development of its product; |
| the Companys intention to demonstrate that voclosporin possesses pharmacologic properties with the potential to demonstrate best-in-class differentiation with first-in-class status for the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN) outside of Japan; |
| the Companys intention to use the LN Phase 2b clinical trial program to gain a clearer understanding of voclosporins time to onset of action in patients suffering from LN; |
| the Companys belief that recent granted formulation patents regarding the delivery of voclosporin to the ocular surface for conditions such as dry eye have the potential to be of therapeutic value; |
| the Companys belief that voclosporin has further potential to be of therapeutic value in other autoimmune indications and in the prevention of transplant rejection; |
| the Companys intention to seek regulatory approval in other jurisdictions in the future and initiate clinical studies; |
| the Companys anticipated future financial position, future revenues and projected costs; and |
| plans and objectives of management. |
Such statements reflect the Companys current views with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties and are necessarily based on a number of estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by the Company, as at the date of such statements, are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, political, scientific and social uncertainties and contingencies, many of which, with respect to future events, are subject to change. The factors and assumptions used by the Company to develop such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
| the assumption that the Company will be able to reach agreements with regulatory agencies on executable development programs; |
| the assumption that recruitment to clinical trials will occur as projected; |
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| the assumption that the Company will successfully complete its clinical programs on a timely basis, including the Phase 2b LN clinical trial currently in progress, to enable the Company to proceed to conduct the required Phase 3 LN clinical trials and meet regulatory requirements for approval of marketing authorization applications and new drug approvals; |
| the assumption the regulatory requirements will be maintained; |
| the assumption that the Company will be able to manufacture and secure a sufficient supply of voclosporin to successfully complete the development and commercialization of voclosporin; |
| the assumption that the Companys patent portfolio is sufficient and valid; |
| the assumption that there is a potential commercial value for other indications for voclosporin; |
| the assumption that market data and reports reviewed by the Company are accurate; |
| the assumption that the Companys current good relationships with its suppliers, service providers and other third parties will be maintained; |
| the assumptions relating to the availability of capital on terms that are favourable to the Company; |
| the assumption that the Company will be able to attract and retain skilled staff; |
| the assumption that general business and economic conditions will be maintained; and |
| the assumptions relating to the feasibility of future clinical trials. |
It is important to know that:
| Actual results could be materially different from what the Company expects if known or unknown risks affect its business, or if the Companys estimates or assumptions turn out to be inaccurate. As a result, the Company cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will materialize and, accordingly, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. |
| Forward-looking statements do not take into account the effect that transactions or non-recurring or other special items announced or occurring after the statements are made may have on the Companys business. For example, they do not include the effect of mergers, acquisitions, other business combinations or transactions, dispositions, sales of assets, asset write-downs or other charges announced or occurring after the forward-looking statements are made. The financial impact of such transactions and non-recurring and other special items can be complex and necessarily depends on the facts particular to each of them. Accordingly, the expected impact cannot be meaningfully described in the abstract or presented in the same manner as known risks affecting the Companys business. |
| The Company disclaims any intention and assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements even if new information becomes available, as a result of future events, new information, or for any other reason except as required by law. |
The factors discussed below and other considerations discussed in the Risk Factors section of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated herein and therein, could cause the Companys actual results to differ significantly from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the Companys actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from any further results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include, among other things, the following:
| the need for additional capital in the longer term to fund the Companys development programs and the effect of capital market conditions and other factors on capital availability; |
| difficulties, delays, or failures the Company may experience in the conduct of and reporting of results of its clinical trials for voclosporin, and in particular its current LN Phase 2b clinical trial; |
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| Difficulties in the manufacture and securing a sufficient supply of voclosporin on a timely basis to successfully complete the development and commercialization of voclosporin; |
| difficulties, delays or failures in obtaining regulatory approvals for the initiation of clinical trials; |
| difficulties, delays or failures in obtaining regulatory approvals to market voclosporin; |
| difficulties the Company may experience in completing the development and commercialization of voclosporin; |
| insufficient acceptance of and demand for voclosporin; |
| difficulties, delays, or failures in obtaining appropriate reimbursement of voclosporin; and/or |
| difficulties that the Company may experience in identifying and successfully securing appropriate corporate alliances to support the development and commercialization of its product. |
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this prospectus supplement and the Company disclaims any intention and have no obligation or responsibility, except as required by law, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
This prospectus supplement is deemed to be incorporated by reference into the accompanying Prospectus solely for the purposes of the Offering. Other documents are also incorporated, or are deemed to be incorporated by reference, into the accompanying Prospectus and reference should be made to the accompanying Prospectus for full particulars thereof.
Information has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement from documents filed with the securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada. Copies of the documents incorporated herein by reference and not delivered with this prospectus may be obtained on request without charge from the Corporate Secretary of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia V7X 1T2, Canada, Telephone: (604) 632-3473, and are also available electronically through the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval (SEDAR) at www.sedar.com. Documents filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are available through the SECs Electronic Data Gathering and Retrieval System (EDGAR) at www.sec.gov. The filings of the Company through SEDAR and through EDGAR are not incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, except as specifically set out herein.
The following documents, filed with the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities in British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario, and filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are specifically incorporated by reference into, and form an integral part of, this Prospectus:
(a) | the annual information form of the Company dated March 18, 2016 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 (the AIF); |
(b) | the audited consolidated balance sheets of the Company as at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2015, including the notes thereto and the auditors report thereon; |
(c) | the unaudited comparative consolidated interim financial statements of the Company as at and for the period ended March 31, 2016; |
(d) | the Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2015; |
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(e) | the Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2016; |
(f) | the management information circular dated April 27, 2016 in connection with the annual general meeting of Aurinias shareholders held on June 8, 2016; |
(g) | the material change report of the Company dated April 13, 2016 announcing the change in CEO position; and |
(h) | the material change report of the Company dated June 23, 2016 announcing the June 2016 Private Placement. |
Any documents of the type described in Section 11.1 of Form 44-101F1 Short Form Prospectuses filed by the Company with a securities commission or similar authority in any province of Canada subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement and before withdrawal or completion of the Offering, will be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
In addition, to the extent that any document or information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement is filed with, or furnished to, the SEC pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), after the date of this prospectus supplement, such document or information will be deemed to be incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part (in the case of a report on Form 6-K, if and to the extent expressly provided therein).
Any statement contained in this prospectus supplement or in the accompanying Prospectus, or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein or therein will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document that also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. The modifying or superseding statement need not state that it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any other information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes. The making of a modifying or superseding statement is not to be deemed an admission for any purposes that the modified or superseded statement, when made, constituted a misrepresentation, an untrue statement of material fact or an omission to state a material fact that is required to be stated or is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying Prospectus.
Upon our filing a new annual information form and the related annual financial statements and managements discussion and analysis with applicable securities regulatory authorities during the currency of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, the previous annual information form, the previous annual financial statements and managements discussion and analysis and all quarterly financial statements, supplemental information, material change reports and information circulars filed prior to the commencement of our financial year in which the new annual information form is filed will be deemed no longer to be incorporated for purposes of future offers and sales of our securities under this prospectus supplement. Upon interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying managements discussion and analysis and material change report being filed by us with the applicable securities regulatory authorities during the duration of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, all interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying managements discussion and analysis and material change report filed prior to the new interim consolidated financial statements shall be deemed no longer to be incorporated herein or therein for purposes of future offers and sales of securities under this prospectus supplement.
References to our website in any documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus do not incorporate by reference the information on such website into this prospectus or the accompanying Prospectus, and we disclaim any such incorporation by reference.
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DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
The following documents have been or will be filed with the SEC as part of the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus forms a part: (i) the documents listed under the heading Documents Incorporated by Reference; (ii) powers of attorney from our directors and officers; (iii) the consents of auditors and legal counsel.
The Company uses the United States dollar as its reporting currency. The following table sets forth for each period indicated: (i) the noon exchange rates in effect at the end of the period; (ii) the high and low noon exchange rates during such period; and (iii) the average noon exchange rates for such period, for one Canadian dollar, expressed in U.S. dollars, as quoted by the Bank of Canada.
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||
US$ | US$ | US$ | ||||||||||
Closing |
0.7225 | 0.8620 | 0.9402 | |||||||||
High |
0.8527 | 0.9422 | 1.0164 | |||||||||
Low |
0.7148 | 0.8589 | 0.9348 | |||||||||
Average |
0.7820 | 0.9054 | 0.9710 | |||||||||
Three Months Ended March 31 | ||||||||||||
2016 | 2015 | 2014 | ||||||||||
U.S.$ | U.S.$ | U.S.$ | ||||||||||
Closing |
0.7700 | 0.7895 | 0.9046 | |||||||||
High |
0.7715 | 0.8527 | 0.9422 | |||||||||
Low |
0.6854 | 0.7811 | 0.8888 | |||||||||
Average |
0.7282 | 0.8057 | 0.9064 |
On July 14, 2016, the noon exchange rate as quoted by the Bank of Canada was CDN$1.00 = US$0.7743.
The following description of the Company is derived from selected information about the Company contained in the documents incorporated by reference and does not contain all of the information about the Company and its business that should be considered before investing in the securities. This prospectus supplement, the accompanying Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein should be reviewed and considered by prospective purchasers in connection with their investment in the securities. This prospectus supplement may add to, update or change information in the accompanying Prospectus.
Name, Address and Incorporation
Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. is a clinical stage pharmaceutical company with its registered office located at #201, 17904 105 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T5S 2H5, Canada. The Companys head office is located at #1203-4464 Markham Street, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada and incorporates the clinical, regulatory and business development functions of the Company.
Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. is organized under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta).
The Companys Common Shares are currently listed and traded on the NASDAQ under the symbol AUPH and on the TSX under the symbol AUP.
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Intercorporate Relationships
The Company has the following wholly-owned subsidiaries: Aurinia Pharma Corp. (British Columbia incorporated), Aurinia Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Delaware incorporated) and Aurinia Pharma Limited (UK incorporated).
BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY
Overview of the Company
Aurinia is focused on the development of its novel therapeutic immunomodulating drug candidate, voclosporin, which is a next generation calcineurin inhibitor (CNI). It has been studied in kidney rejection following transplantation, psoriasis and in various forms of uveitis (an ophthalmic disease).
The Company has, since September 20, 2013, rebranded, restructured and refocused itself around a strategy that focuses on the development of voclosporin for the treatment of LN. The mechanism of action of voclosporin, a CNI, has been validated with certain first generation CNIs for the prevention of rejection in patients undergoing solid organ transplants and in several autoimmune indications, including dermatitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry Eye Syndrome), psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and for LN in Japan. The Company believes that voclosporin possesses pharmacologic properties with the potential to demonstrate best-in-class differentiation with first-in-class regulatory approval status for the treatment of LN outside of Japan.
Recent Developments
Board and Management
On April 11, 2016 the Company announced that Charles A. Rowland Jr. had been appointed as the Companys President and Chief Executive Officer, replacing Stephen Zaruby, who departed from the Company and resigned from the board of directors.
Private Placement
On June 22, 2016, the Company completed the June 2016 Private Placement of 3,000,000 units of the Company (Units) at US$2.36 per Unit for aggregate gross proceeds of US$7,080,000. Each Unit consisted of one Common Share and a 0.35 of one common share purchase warrant exercisable for a period of two years from the date of issuance at an exercise price of US$2.77 (a 2016 Warrant). Further information regarding the terms of the June 2016 Private Placement and the Units issued thereunder can be found in the Companys material change report dated June 23, 2016, which is incorporated by reference herein.
AURION 24-week Results
On June 28, 2016 the Company announced that it had completed an analysis of the first 7 patients to complete 24 weeks in its open-label AURION (Aurinia early Urinary protein Reduction Predicts Response) study. At 24 weeks 57% (4/7) of patients continued to be in complete remission as measured by a urinary protein creatinine ratio of £ 0.5mg/mg, eGFR within 20% of baseline and concomitant steroid dose of less than 5mg/day. Among these seven AURION patients there was a 54% mean reduction in proteinuria at 24 weeks compared to pre-treatment levels along with consistent improvements in C3, C4 and anti-DS DNA. Renal function as measured by eGFR remained stable and no new safety signals were observed.
LN is a subset of systemic lupus erythematosus and is known to be one of the more difficult forms of this disease to treat. In AURION the remission criteria was nearly identical to that of the Companys Phase 2b AURA (Aurinia Urine Protein Reduction in Active Lupus Nephritis) clinical trial which is a 265 patient adequate and well controlled trial that completed enrollment in January of this year. This clinical trial is due to report primary results later this summer.
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An investment in the Companys securities is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described under the heading Risk Factors in the accompanying Prospectus, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, before purchasing the Companys securities. The occurrence of any of these risks could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects. In these circumstances, the market price of the Companys securities, including Common Shares, could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. These risks are not the only risks the Company faces; risks and uncertainties not currently known to it or that the Company currently deems to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect its business, financial condition and results of operations. Investors should also refer to the other information set forth or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus, including the Companys consolidated financial statements and related notes. This prospectus supplement also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The Companys actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including the risks described under the heading Risk Factors in the accompanying Prospectus. See Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements above.
Risks Relating to the Offering
Volatility of Share Price
The market prices for the securities of biotechnology companies, including the Company, have historically been volatile. The market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of any particular company.
The trading price of the Companys Common Shares could continue to be subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond the Companys control, including the results and adequacy of the Companys preclinical studies and clinical trials, as well as those of its collaborators, or its competitors; other evidence of the safety or effectiveness of the Companys product or those of its competitors; announcements of technological innovations or new products by the Company or its competitors; governmental regulatory actions; developments with collaborators; developments (including litigation) concerning patent or other proprietary rights of the Company or competitors; concern as to the safety of the Companys product; period-to-period fluctuations in operating results; changes in estimates of the Companys performance by securities analysts; market conditions for biotechnology stocks in general; and other factors not within the control of the Company could have a significant adverse impact on the market price of the Companys Securities, regardless of its operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a companys securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted. A class action suit against the Company could result in substantial costs, potential liabilities and the diversion of managements attention and resources.
There is no guarantee that an active trading market for the Companys Common Shares will be maintained on the TSX and /or NASDAQ. Investors may not be able to sell their shares quickly or at the latest market price if the trading in the Companys Common Shares is not active.
The Company expects to issue Common Shares in the future. Holders of stock options and warrants may elect to exercise their options or warrants into Common Shares depending on the stock price. Future issuances of Common Shares, or the perception that such issuances are likely to occur, could affect the prevailing trading prices of the Common Shares. Future issuances of the Companys Common Shares could result in substantial dilution to its shareholders. In addition, the existence of Warrants may encourage short selling by market participants.
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Sales of Common Shares could cause a decline in the market price of the Companys Common Shares. Two of the Companys major shareholders (venBio Global Strategic Fund, L.P. and ILJIN SNT Co., Ltd. and its affiliates) own an aggregate of approximately 32.6% of the Companys outstanding Common Shares as at July 14, 2016. Any sales of Common Shares by these shareholders or other existing shareholders or holders of options may have an adverse effect on the Companys ability to raise capital and may adversely affect the market price of its Common Shares.
Future issuances of equity securities by the Company or sales by the Companys existing shareholders may cause the price of the Common Shares to fall.
The market price of the Common Shares could decline as a result of issuances of Securities by the Company or sales by the Companys existing shareholders in the market, or the perception that these sales could occur, during the currency of this Prospectus. Sales of Common Shares by shareholders might also make it more difficult for the Company to sell Common Shares at a time and price that the Company deems appropriate. With an additional sale or issuance of Common Shares, investors will suffer dilution of their voting power and may experience dilution in earnings per share.
The Company does not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on the Common Shares. The Company intends, for the foreseeable future, to retain its future earnings, if any, to finance its commercial activities and further research and the expansion of its business. As a result, the return on an investment in Common Shares will likely depend upon any future appreciation in value, if any, and on a shareholders ability to sell Common Shares. The payment of future dividends, if any, will be reviewed periodically by the Companys board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, conditions then existing including earnings, financial conditions, cash on hand, financial requirements to fund the Companys commercial activities, development and growth, and other factors that the Companys board of directors may consider appropriate in the circumstances.
The Company may be a passive foreign investment company, which may result in adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences for U.S. Holders of our ordinary shares.
Generally, if for any taxable year 75% or more of our gross income is passive income, or at least 50% of the average quarterly value of our assets are held for the production of, or produce, passive income, we would be characterized as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our status as a PFIC may also depend on how quickly we use the cash proceeds from this offering in our business. Based on the nature of our current and expected income and the current and expected value and composition of our assets, we do not believe we were a PFIC for the year ending December 31, 2015. However, because PFIC status is determined on an annual basis and generally cannot be determined until the end of the taxable year, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for the current or future taxable years. If we are characterized as a PFIC, our shareholders who are U.S. Holders (as defined in Material U.S. Federal Income Taxation Considerations) may suffer adverse tax consequences, including the treatment of gains realized on the sale of our ordinary shares as ordinary income, rather than as capital gain, the loss of the preferential rate applicable to dividends received on our ordinary shares by individuals who are U.S. Holders, and the addition of interest charges to the tax on such gains and certain distributions. A U.S. shareholder of a PFIC generally may mitigate these adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences by making a qualified electing fund election, or, to a lesser extent, a mark to market election. However, we do not intend to provide the information necessary for U.S. Holders to make qualified electing fund elections if we are classified as a PFIC.
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You may be unable to enforce actions against the Company, certain of the Companys directors and officers, or the experts named in this Prospectus under U.S. federal securities laws.
The Company is a corporation organized under the laws of Alberta, Canada. Most of the Companys directors and officers, as well as the experts named in this Prospectus, reside principally in Canada or outside of the United States. Because all or a substantial portion of the Companys assets and the assets of these persons are located outside of the United States, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon the Company or those persons. Furthermore, it may not be possible for investors to enforce against the Company or those persons in the United States, judgments obtained in U.S. courts based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws or other laws of the United States. There is doubt as to the enforceability, in original actions in Canadian courts, of liabilities based upon U.S. federal securities laws and as to the enforceability in Canadian courts of judgments of U.S. courts obtained in actions based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws. Therefore, it may not be possible to enforce those actions against the Company, certain of the Companys directors and officers or the experts named in this Prospectus.
The proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Registrable Common Shares covered by this prospectus supplement are solely for the account of the Selling Securityholders. Accordingly, we will not receive any proceeds from the sale or other disposition of the Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholders. The net proceeds received from the sale or other disposition of the Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholders, if any, is unknown.
We received gross proceeds of $7,080,000 from the sale of our Units to the Selling Securityholders on a private placement basis on June 22, 2016 pursuant to the June 2016 Private Placement. We will also receive the proceeds of any 2016 Warrants exercised for cash. The principal purposes for which the proceeds from the June 2016 Private Placement are intended to be used for are general corporate purposes, including financing research and development, clinical expenses and corporate costs.
Common Shares
The following table summarizes details of the Common Shares granted by the Company during the 12 month period prior to the date of this prospectus supplement.
Month of Issuance |
Security |
Price per Security CDN$ |
Number of Securities |
|||||
August 2015 |
Common Shares (1) | 3.50 | 20,000 | |||||
June 2016 |
Units (2) | 2.36 | 3,000,000 | |||||
|
|
|||||||
Total |
3,020,000 | |||||||
|
|
(1) | Issued upon exercise of previously issued stock options. |
(2) | Issued pursuant to the June 2016 Private Placement. Each Unit was comprised of one common share and 0.35 of a 2016 Warrant. |
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Stock Options
The following table summarizes details of the stock options granted by the Company during the 12 month period prior to the date of this prospectus supplement.
Month of Issuance |
Security |
Price per Security CDN$ |
Number of Securities |
|||||
August 2015 | Stock Options | 4.45 | 323,149 | |||||
December 2015 | Stock Options | 3.39 | 65,000 | |||||
March 2016 | Stock Options | 3.96 | 60,000 | |||||
March 2016 | Stock Options | 3.91 | 220,000 | |||||
March 2016 | Stock Options | 3.76 | 40,000 | |||||
May 2016 | Stock Options | 3.66 | 200,000 | |||||
June 2016 | Stock Options | 3.20 | 1,000,000 | |||||
July 2016 | Stock Options | 4.00 | 100,000 | |||||
|
|
|||||||
Total |
2,008,149 | |||||||
|
|
The Common Shares are listed for trading on the TSX in Canada under the trading symbol AUP and on the NASDAQ in the United States under the trading symbol AUPH.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low prices (in Canadian dollars) and volume of Common Shares traded for each month on the TSX.
Price Range (CDN$) | Total Volume | |||||||||||
Month |
High | Low | ||||||||||
July, 2015 |
4.94 | 3.80 | 316,426 | |||||||||
August, 2015 |
5.34 | 3.51 | 148,626 | |||||||||
September, 2015 |
4.66 | 3.75 | 44,178 | |||||||||
October, 2015 |
4.29 | 3.66 | 164,049 | |||||||||
November, 2015 |
3.94 | 3.13 | 98,699 | |||||||||
December, 2015 |
3.79 | 2.85 | 84,729 | |||||||||
January, 2016 |
3.76 | 2.45 | 158,052 | |||||||||
February, 2016 |
4.48 | 2.71 | 138,961 | |||||||||
March, 2016 |
4.25 | 2.80 | 238,709 | |||||||||
April, 2016 |
4.09 | 3.17 | 149,635 | |||||||||
May, 2016 |
3.75 | 2.82 | 125,467 | |||||||||
June, 2016 |
3.89 | 3.12 | 285,162 | |||||||||
July 1 - 14, 2016 |
4.30 | 3.80 | 113,643 |
At the close of business on July 14, 2016, the last trading day prior to the date of this prospectus supplement, the price of the Common Shares as quoted by the TSX was CDN$3.98.
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low prices (in United States dollars) and the volume of shares traded for each month on NASDAQ.
Price Range (US$) | Total Volume | |||||||||||
Month |
High | Low | ||||||||||
July, 2015 |
3.78 | 3.00 | 2,455,759 | |||||||||
August, 2015 |
4.30 | 2.91 | 961,414 | |||||||||
September, 2015 |
3.59 | 2.78 | 545,100 | |||||||||
October, 2015 |
3.34 | 2.82 | 376,036 | |||||||||
November, 2015 |
3.05 | 2.34 | 672,961 | |||||||||
December, 2015 |
2.68 | 2.09 | 570,074 | |||||||||
January, 2016 |
2.69 | 1.42 | 677,264 | |||||||||
February, 2016 |
3.30 | 2.02 | 1,558,681 | |||||||||
March, 2016 |
3.25 | 2.05 | 1,068,958 | |||||||||
April, 2016 |
3.10 | 2.70 | 393,816 | |||||||||
May, 2016 |
3.00 | 2.16 | 580,808 | |||||||||
June, 2016 |
3.00 | 2.43 | 918,420 | |||||||||
July 1 - 14, 2016 |
3.29 | 2.90 | 498,553 |
At the close of business on July 14, 2016, the last trading day prior to the date of this prospectus supplement, the price of the Common Shares as quoted by the NASDAQ was US$3.09.
Common Shares
The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Common Shares. As of July 14, 2016, there were 35,287,419 Common Shares issued and outstanding, 4,038,037 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and 6,966,114 Common Shares issuable upon exercise of common share purchase warrants.
Holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive notice of any meetings of shareholders of the Company, and to attend and to cast one vote per Common Share at all such meetings. Holders of Common Shares are entitled to receive on a pro rata basis such dividends on the Common Shares, if any, as and when declared by the Board at its discretion, from funds legally available therefor, and, upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, are entitled to receive on a pro rata basis the net assets of the Company after payment of debts and other liabilities, in each case subject to the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to any other series or class of shares ranking senior in priority to or on a pro rata basis with, the holders of Common Shares with respect to dividends or liquidation. The Common Shares do not carry any pre-emptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights, nor do they contain any sinking or purchase fund provisions.
Since March 31, 2016, the date of the Companys most recently filed interim unaudited financial statements, there has been no material changes in the share capital of the Company on a consolidated basis other than as outlined under Prior Sales. For information on the issuance of shares pursuant to the exercise of options pursuant to our incentive stock option plan, see Prior Sales.
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The Registrable Common Shares covered by this prospectus supplement are those issued in connection with the June 2016 Private Placement or issuable upon exercise of 2016 Warrants that were issued in the June 2016 Private Placement. For additional information regarding the June 2016 Private Placement, see the information provided above under The Company Business of the Company Recent Corporate Developments and in the Companys material change report dated June 23, 2016 relating to the June 2016 Private Placement, which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on EDGAR www.sec.gov, and is incorporated by reference herein. We are registering the Registrable Common Shares in order to permit the Selling Securityholders to offer the Registrable Common Shares for sale or other disposition from time to time in the United States.
The table below identifies the selling securityholders (the Selling Securityholders) and provides other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholders, as provided by the Selling Securityholders. The second column lists the number of our Common Shares beneficially owned by the Selling Securityholders, based on their ownership of our outstanding Common Shares, as of July 14, 2016.
The fifth column lists the Registrable Common Shares covered by this prospectus supplement that may be sold or otherwise disposed of by the Selling Securityholders.
Name of Selling Securityholder |
Number of Common Shares Owned Prior to Offering |
Type of Ownership: Legal or Beneficial |
Aggregate Cost and Price Per Security for the Registrable (US$)(3) |
Maximum Number of Common Shares to be Sold Pursuant to this Prospectus Supplement |
Number and Percent of Common Shares Owned After Offering(1) |
|||||||||||||||||
ILJIN SNT Co., Ltd.(2) |
Undiluted: | 6,037,077 | Legal | $ | 5,643,218.80 ($2.47) | 2,288,135 | Undiluted: |
|
4,342,162 (12.31%) |
| ||||||||||||
Fully- diluted: |
7,198,052 | Fully- diluted: |
|
4,909,917 (10.61%) |
| |||||||||||||||||
Abingworth Bioequities Master Fund Ltd. |
Undiluted: | 423,729 | Legal | $ | 1,410,805.29 ($2.47) | 572,034 | Undiluted: | 0 (0%) | ||||||||||||||
Fully- diluted: |
572,034 | Fully- diluted: |
0 (0%) | |||||||||||||||||||
Franklin Berger |
Undiluted: | 570,473 | Legal | $ | 1,410,805.29 ($2.47) | 572,034 | Undiluted: |
|
146,744 (0.42%) |
| ||||||||||||
Fully- diluted: |
718,778 | Fully- diluted: |
|
146,744 (0.32%) |
| |||||||||||||||||
Charles A. Rowland, Jr. |
Undiluted: | 234,865 | Legal | $ | 705,405.21 ($2.47) | 286,018 | Undiluted: |
|
23,000 (0.07%) |
| ||||||||||||
Fully- diluted: |
1,349,018 | Fully- diluted: |
|
1,063,000 (2.30%) |
| |||||||||||||||||
Bradley Dickerson |
Undiluted: | 21,186 | Legal | $ | 70,538.51 ($2.47) | 28,601 | Undiluted: | 0 (0%) | ||||||||||||||
Fully- diluted: |
228,601 | Fully- diluted: |
|
200,000 (0.43%) |
| |||||||||||||||||
Rashieda Gluck |
Undiluted: | 8,737 | Legal | $ | 14,107.23 ($2.47) | 5,720 | Undiluted: |
|
4,500 (0.01%) |
| ||||||||||||
Fully- diluted: |
75,220 | Fully- diluted: |
|
69,500 (0.15%) |
|
Notes:
(1) | Assuming the sale of all Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholder during the 25-month period that the Prospectus, including any amendments thereto, remains valid. |
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(2) | ILJIN SNT Co., Ltd. is the parent company of ILJIN Life Science Co., Ltd. and the shares represented in the table above include ILJIN SNT Co., Ltd.s shares and the shares held by its affiliates. |
(3) | Assuming all 2016 Warrants exercised. |
For a description of our Common Shares, see Description of Share Capital.
We are registering the Registrable Common Shares to permit the resale of the Registrable Common Shares by the Selling Securityholders, from time to time, after the date of this prospectus supplement in the United States. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale by the Selling Securityholder of the Registrable Common Shares.
The Selling Securityholders, which as used herein includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling Registrable Common Shares or interests in Registrable Common Shares received after the date of this prospectus supplement from a Selling Securityholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of their Registrable Common Shares or interests in Registrable Common Shares on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the Registrable Common Shares are traded or in private transactions. These dispositions may be at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market price, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices.
The Selling Securityholders may use any one or more of the following methods when disposing of Registrable Common Shares or interests therein:
| ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers; |
| block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the Registrable Common Shares as agent, but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; |
| purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account; |
| an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange; |
| privately negotiated transactions; |
| short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC; |
| through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise; |
| broker-dealers may agree with the Selling Securityholders to sell a specified number of such Registrable Common Shares at a stipulated price per Registrable Common Share; |
| a combination of any such methods of sale; and |
| any other method permitted by applicable law. |
The Selling Securityholders may, from time to time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the Registrable Common Shares owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the Registrable Common Shares, from time to time, under this prospectus supplement, or under an amendment to this prospectus supplement under General Instruction II.L. of Form F-10 or other applicable provision of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the U.S. Securities Act) amending the list of Selling Securityholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as Selling Securityholders under this prospectus supplement. The Selling Securityholders also may transfer the Registrable Common Shares in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus supplement.
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In connection with the sale of the Registrable Common Shares or interests therein, the Selling Securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the Registrable Common Shares in the course of hedging the positions they assume. The Selling Securityholders may also sell Registrable Common Shares short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan or pledge the Registrable Common Shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The Selling Securityholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of Registrable Common Shares offered by this prospectus supplement, which Registrable Common Shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus supplement.
The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Securityholders from the sale of the Registrable Common Shares offered by them will be the purchase price of the Registrable Common Shares less discounts or commissions, if any. Each of the Selling Securityholders reserves the right to accept and, together with their agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of Registrable Common Shares to be made directly or through agents. We will not receive any of the proceeds from this Offering. Upon any exercise of the 2016 Warrants by payment of cash, however, we will receive the exercise price of the 2016 Warrants.
We have agreed under the Registration Rights Agreement to pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the Registrable Common Shares, other than the fees and disbursements of counsel to the Selling Securityholders.
The Selling Securityholders also may resell all or a portion of the Registrable Common Shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 or Rule 904 of Regulation S under the U.S. Securities Act, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of that rule.
The Selling Securityholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of the Registrable Common Shares or interests therein may be underwriters within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the U.S. Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the Common Shares may be underwriting discounts or commissions under the U.S. Securities Act. Selling Securityholders who are underwriters within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the U.S. Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the U.S. Securities Act. To the extent required, the Registrable Common Shares to be sold, the names of the Selling Securityholders, the respective purchase prices and public offering prices, the names of any agents, dealer or underwriter, any applicable commissions or discounts with respect to a particular offer will be set forth in an amendment to this prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement that includes this prospectus supplement.
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the Registrable Common Shares may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the Registrable Common Shares may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and is complied with.
This prospectus supplement has not been filed in respect of, and will not qualify, any distribution of the Registrable Common Shares in British Columbia or in any other province or territory of Canada at any time.
We have advised the Selling Securityholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of Registrable Common Shares in the market and to the activities of the Selling Securityholders and their affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable we will make copies of this prospectus supplement (as it may be amended from time to time) available to the Selling Securityholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the U.S. Securities Act. The Selling Securityholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the Registrable Common Shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the U.S. Securities Act.
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We have agreed to indemnify the Selling Securityholders against liabilities, including liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act and state securities laws, relating to the registration of the Registrable Common Shares offered by this prospectus supplement.
There can be no assurance that any securityholder will sell any or all of the Registrable Common Shares registered pursuant to the registration statement, of which this prospectus supplement and the accompanying Prospectus form a part.
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAXATION CONSIDERATIONS
The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to the ownership and disposition of Common Shares by U.S. Holders (as defined below). This discussion applies to U.S. Holders that purchase Common Shares pursuant to the offering and hold such Common Shares as capital assets. This discussion is based on the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder and administrative and judicial interpretations thereof, all as in effect on the date hereof and all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. This discussion does not address all of the U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to specific U.S. Holders in light of their particular circumstances or to U.S. Holders subject to special treatment under U.S. federal income tax law (such as certain financial institutions, insurance companies, broker-dealers and traders in securities or other persons that generally mark their securities to market for U.S. federal income tax purposes, tax-exempt entities, retirement plans, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, certain former citizens or residents of the United States, persons who hold Common Shares as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction, synthetic security or integrated investment, persons that have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, persons that own directly, indirectly or through attribution 10% or more of the voting power of our shares, corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax, partnerships and other pass-through entities, and investors in such pass-through entities). This discussion does not address any U.S. state or local or non-U.S. tax consequences or any U.S. federal estate, gift or alternative minimum tax consequences.
As used in this discussion, the term U.S. Holder means a beneficial owner of Common Shares that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (1) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (2) a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, (3) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source or (4) a trust (x) with respect to which a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over its administration and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all of its substantial decisions or (y) that has elected under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a domestic trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
If an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds Common Shares, the U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to an investment in the Common Shares will depend in part upon the status and activities of such entity and the particular partner. Any such entity should consult its own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to it and its partners of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Common Shares.
Persons considering an investment in Common Shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the particular tax consequences applicable to them relating to the purchase, ownership and disposition of Common Shares, including the applicability of U.S. federal, state and local tax laws and non-U.S. tax laws.
Passive Foreign Investment Company Consequences
In general, a corporation organized outside the United States will be treated as a passive foreign investment company, (PFIC), for any taxable year in which either (1) at least 75% of its gross income is passive income, or the PFIC income test, or (2) on average at least 50% of its assets, determined on a quarterly basis, are assets
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that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income, the PFIC asset test. Passive income for this purpose generally includes, among other things, dividends, interest, royalties, rents, and gains from the sale or exchange of property that gives rise to passive income. Assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income generally include cash, even if held as working capital or raised in a public offering, marketable securities, and other assets that may produce passive income. Generally, in determining whether a non-U.S. corporation is a PFIC, a proportionate share of the income and assets of each corporation in which it owns, directly or indirectly, at least a 25% interest (by value) is taken into account.
We do not believe we were a PFIC for the year ending December 31, 2015. However, because PFIC status is determined on an annual basis and generally cannot be determined until the end of the taxable year, there can be no assurance that we will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year. Because we may hold a substantial amount of cash and cash equivalents following this offering, and because the calculation of the value of our assets after this offering may be based in part on the value of Common Shares, which may fluctuate considerably, we may also be a PFIC in future taxable years under the PFIC asset test. Even if we determine that we are not a PFIC for a taxable year, there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with our conclusion and that the IRS would not successfully challenge our position. The Companys status as a PFIC is a fact-intensive determination made on an annual basis. Accordingly, our U.S. counsel expresses no opinion with respect to our PFIC status and also expresses no opinion with regard to our expectations regarding our PFIC status.
If we are a PFIC in any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder owns Common Shares, the U.S. Holder could be liable for additional taxes and interest charges under the PFIC excess distribution regime upon (1) a distribution paid during a taxable year that is greater than 125% of the average annual distributions paid in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the U.S. Holders holding period for the Common Shares, and (2) any gain recognized on a sale, exchange or other disposition, including a pledge, of the Common Shares, whether or not we continue to be a PFIC. Under the PFIC excess distribution regime, the tax on such distribution or gain would be determined by allocating the distribution or gain ratably over the U.S. Holders holding period for Common Shares. The amount allocated to the current taxable year (i.e., the year in which the distribution occurs or the gain is recognized) and any year prior to the first taxable year in which we are a PFIC will be taxed as ordinary income earned in the current taxable year. The amount allocated to other taxable years will be taxed at the highest marginal rates in effect for individuals or corporations, as applicable, to ordinary income for each such taxable year, and an interest charge, generally applicable to underpayments of tax, will be added to the tax.
If we are a PFIC for any year during which a U.S. Holder holds Common Shares, we must generally continue to be treated as a PFIC by that holder for all succeeding years during which the U.S. Holder holds the Common Shares, unless we cease to meet the requirements for PFIC status and the U.S. Holder makes a deemed sale election with respect to the Common Shares. If the election is made, the U.S. Holder will be deemed to sell the Common Shares it holds at their fair market value on the last day of the last taxable year in which we qualified as a PFIC, and any gain recognized from such deemed sale would be taxed under the PFIC excess distribution regime. After the deemed sale election, the U.S. Holders Common Shares would not be treated as shares of a PFIC unless we subsequently become a PFIC.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which a U.S. Holder holds Common Shares and one of our non-U.S. corporate subsidiaries is also a PFIC (i.e., a lower-tier PFIC), such U.S. Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC and would be taxed under the PFIC excess distribution regime on distributions by the lower-tier PFIC and on gain from the disposition of shares of the lower-tier PFIC even though such U.S. Holder would not receive the proceeds of those distributions or dispositions. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to our non-U.S. subsidiaries.
If we are a PFIC, a U.S. Holder will not be subject to tax under the PFIC excess distribution regime on distributions or gain recognized on Common Shares if such U.S. Holder makes a valid mark-to-market election for our Common Shares. A mark-to-market election is available to a U.S. Holder only for marketable stock.
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Our Common Shares will be marketable stock as long as they remain listed on the NASDAQ and are regularly traded, other than in de minimis quantities, on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter. If a mark-to-market election is in effect, a U.S. Holder generally would take into account, as ordinary income each year, the excess of the fair market value of Common Shares held at the end of such taxable year over the adjusted tax basis of such Common Shares. The U.S. Holder would also take into account, as an ordinary loss each year, the excess of the adjusted tax basis of such Common Shares over their fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the excess of amounts previously included in income over ordinary losses deducted as a result of the mark-to-market election. The U.S. Holders tax basis in Common Shares would be adjusted to reflect any income or loss recognized as a result of the mark-to-market election. Any gain from a sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares in any taxable year in which we are a PFIC would be treated as ordinary income and any loss from such sale, exchange or other disposition would be treated first as ordinary loss (to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains previously included in income) and thereafter as capital loss.
A mark-to-market election will not apply to Common Shares for any taxable year during which we are not a PFIC, but will remain in effect with respect to any subsequent taxable year in which we become a PFIC. Such election will not apply to any non-U.S. subsidiaries that we may organize or acquire in the future. Accordingly, a U.S. Holder may continue to be subject to tax under the PFIC excess distribution regime with respect to any lower-tier PFICs that we may organize or acquire in the future notwithstanding the U.S. Holders mark-to-market election for the Common Shares.
The tax consequences that would apply if we are a PFIC would also be different from those described above if a U.S. Holder were able to make a valid qualified electing fund, or QEF, election. At this time we do not expect to provide U.S. Holders with the information necessary for a U.S. Holder to make a QEF election, prospective investors should assume that a QEF election will not be available.
Each U.S. person that is an investor of a PFIC is generally required to file an annual information return on IRS Form 8621 containing such information as the U.S. Treasury Department may require. The failure to file IRS Form 8621 could result in the imposition of penalties and the extension of the statute of limitations with respect to U.S. federal income tax.
The U.S. federal income tax rules relating to PFICs are very complex. Prospective U.S. investors are strongly urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the impact of PFIC status on the purchase, ownership and disposition of Common Shares, the consequences to them of an investment in a PFIC, any elections available with respect to the Common Shares and the IRS information reporting obligations with respect to the purchase, ownership and disposition of Common Shares of a PFIC.
Distributions
Subject to the discussion above under Passive Foreign Investment Company Consequences, a U.S. Holder that receives a distribution with respect to Common Shares generally will be required to include the gross amount of such distribution in gross income as a dividend when actually or constructively received to the extent of the U.S. Holders pro rata share of our current and/or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). To the extent a distribution received by a U.S. Holder is not a dividend because it exceeds the U.S. Holders pro rata share of our current and accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated first as a tax-free return of capital and reduce (but not below zero) the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holders Common Shares. To the extent the distribution exceeds the adjusted tax basis of the U.S. Holders Common Shares, the remainder will be taxed as capital gain. Because we may not account for our earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles, U.S. Holders should expect all distributions to be reported to them as dividends. Distributions on Common Shares that are treated as dividends generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for foreign tax credit purposes and generally will constitute passive category income. Such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction generally allowed to corporate shareholders with respect to dividends received from U.S. corporations.
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Dividends paid by a qualified foreign corporation are eligible for taxation at a reduced capital gains rate rather than the marginal tax rates generally applicable to ordinary income provided that certain requirements are met. However, if we are a PFIC for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year (see discussion above under Passive Foreign Investment Company Consequences), we will not be treated as a qualified foreign corporation, and therefore the reduced capital gains tax rate described above will not apply. Each U.S. Holder is advised to consult its tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced tax rate on dividends with regard to its particular circumstances.
A non-United States corporation (other than a corporation that is classified as a PFIC for the taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year) generally will be considered to be a qualified foreign corporation (a) if it is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive tax treaty with the United States which the Secretary of Treasury of the United States determines is satisfactory for purposes of this provision and which includes an exchange of information provision, or (b) with respect to any dividend it pays on Common Shares that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. We believe that we qualify as a resident of Canada for purposes of, and are eligible for the benefits of, the U.S.-Canada Treaty, although there can be no assurance in this regard. Further, the IRS has determined that the U.S.-Canada Treaty is satisfactory for purposes of the qualified dividend rules and that it includes an exchange of information provision. Therefore, subject to the discussion above under Passive Foreign Investment Company Consequences, if the U.S.-Canada Treaty is applicable, such dividends will generally be qualified dividend income in the hands of individual U.S. Holders, provided that certain conditions are met, including holding period and the absence of certain risk reduction transaction requirements are met.
Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Shares
Subject to the discussion above under Passive Foreign Investment Company Consequences, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Common Shares in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized (i.e., the amount of cash plus the fair market value of any property received) on the sale, exchange or other disposition and such U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares. Such capital gain or loss generally will be long-term capital gain taxable at a reduced rate for non-corporate U.S. Holders or long-term capital loss if, on the date of sale, exchange or other disposition, the Common Shares were held by the U.S. Holder for more than one year. Any capital gain of a non-corporate U.S. Holder that is not long-term capital gain is taxed at ordinary income rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized from the sale or other disposition of Common Shares will generally be gain or loss from sources within the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Medicare Tax
Certain U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates or trusts and whose income exceeds certain thresholds generally are subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their net investment income, which may include their gross dividend income and net gains from the disposition of Common Shares. If you are a United States person that is an individual, estate or trust, you are encouraged to consult your tax advisors regarding the applicability of this Medicare tax to your income and gains in respect of your investment in Common Shares.
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
U.S. Holders may be required to file certain U.S. information reporting returns with the IRS with respect to an investment in Common Shares, including, among others, IRS Form 8938 (Statement of Specified Foreign Financial Assets). As described above under Passive Foreign Investment Company Consequences, each U.S. Holder who is a shareholder of a PFIC must file an annual report containing certain information. U.S. Holders paying more than $100,000 for Common Shares may be required to file IRS Form 926 (Return by a U.S. Transferor of Property to a Foreign Corporation) reporting this payment. Substantial penalties may be imposed upon a U.S. Holder that fails to comply with the required information reporting.
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Dividends on and proceeds from the sale or other disposition of Common Shares may be reported to the IRS unless the U.S. Holder establishes a basis for exemption. Backup withholding may apply to amounts subject to reporting if the holder (1) fails to provide an accurate United States taxpayer identification number or otherwise establish a basis for exemption, or (2) is described in certain other categories of persons. However, U.S. Holders that are corporations generally are excluded from these information reporting and backup withholding tax rules. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules generally will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holders U.S. federal income tax liability if the required information is furnished by the U.S. Holder on a timely basis to the IRS.
U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the backup withholding tax and information reporting rules.
EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR ABOUT THE TAX CONSEQUENCES TO IT OF AN INVESTMENT IN COMMON SHARES IN LIGHT OF THE INVESTORS OWN CIRCUMSTANCES.
CERTAIN CANADIAN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
In the opinion of Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, Canadian legal counsel to the Company, the following is, as of the date of this prospectus supplement, a general summary of the principal Canadian federal income tax considerations under the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the Tax Act) generally applicable to an investor who acquires Registrable Common Shares pursuant to the Offering and who, for the purposes of the Tax Act and at all relevant times, deals at arms length with the Company and the Selling Securityholders, is not affiliated with the Company and the Selling Securityholders, and who acquires and holds the Registrable Common Shares as capital property (a Holder). Generally, the Registrable Common Shares will be considered to be capital property to a Holder thereof provided that the Holder does not use the Registrable Common Shares in the course of carrying on a business of trading or dealing in securities and such Holder has not acquired them in one or more transactions considered to be an adventure or concern in the nature of trade.
This summary does not apply to a Holder (i) that is a financial institution for the purposes of the mark-to-market rules contained in the Tax Act; (ii) that is a specified financial institution as defined in the Tax Act; (iii), an interest in which would be a tax shelter investment as defined in the Tax Act; (iv) that has made a functional currency reporting election under the Tax Act; or (v) that has or will enter into a derivative forward agreement, as that term is defined in the Tax Act, with respect to the Registrable Common Shares. Such Holders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to an investment in Registrable Common Shares.
Additional considerations, not discussed herein, may be applicable to a Holder that is a corporation resident in Canada, and is, or becomes as part of a transaction or event or series of transactions or events that includes the acquisition of the Registrable Common Shares, controlled by a non-resident corporation for purposes of the foreign affiliate dumping rules in section 212.3 of the Tax Act. Such Holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to the consequences of acquiring Registrable Common Shares.
This summary is based upon the current provisions of the Tax Act and the regulations thereunder (the Regulations) in force as of the date hereof and counsels understanding of the current published administrative and assessing practices of the Canada Revenue Agency (the CRA). This summary takes into account all specific proposals to amend the Tax Act and the Regulations publicly announced by or on behalf of the Minister of Finance (Canada) prior to the date hereof (the Tax Proposals) and assumes that the Tax Proposals will be enacted in the form proposed, although no assurance can be given that the Tax Proposals will be enacted in their current form or at all. This summary does not otherwise take into account any changes in law or in the administrative policies or assessing practices of the CRA, whether by legislative, governmental or judicial
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decision or action, nor does it take into account or consider any provincial, territorial or foreign income tax considerations, which considerations may differ significantly from the Canadian federal income tax considerations discussed in this summary.
This summary is of a general nature only, is not exhaustive of all possible Canadian federal income tax considerations and is not intended to be, nor should it be construed to be, legal or tax advice to any particular Holder. Holders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to their particular circumstances.
Currency Conversion
Subject to certain exceptions that are not discussed herein, for purposes of the Tax Act, all amounts relating to the acquisition, holding or disposition of Registrable Common Shares, including dividends, adjusted cost base and proceeds of dispositions must be determined in Canadian dollars based on the rate of exchange quoted by the Bank of Canada at noon on the particular date the particular amount arose or such other rate of exchange as acceptable to the CRA.
Resident Holders
The following section of this summary applies to Holders who, for the purposes of the Tax Act and at all relevant times, are or are deemed to be resident in Canada (Resident Holders). Certain Resident Holders whose Registrable Common Shares might not constitute capital property may make, in certain circumstances, an irrevocable election permitted by subsection 39(4) of the Tax Act to deem the Registrable Common Shares, and every other Canadian security as defined in the Tax Act, held by such persons, in the taxation year of the election and each subsequent taxation year to be capital property. Resident Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding this election.
Dividends
Dividends received or deemed to be received on the Registrable Common Shares will be included in computing a Resident Holders income. In the case of an individual (other than certain trusts), such dividends will be subject to the gross-up and dividend tax credit rules normally applicable in respect of taxable dividends received from taxable Canadian corporations, as defined in the Tax Act. An enhanced dividend tax credit will be available to individuals in respect of eligible dividends designated by the Company to the Resident Holder in accordance with the provisions of the Tax Act.
Dividends received or deemed to be received by a corporation that is a Resident Holder on the Registrable Common Shares must be included in computing its income but generally will be deductible in computing its taxable income. In certain circumstances, section 55(2) of the Tax Act (as proposed to be amended by Tax Proposals released on July 31, 2015) will treat a taxable dividend received by a Resident Holder that is a corporation as proceeds of disposition on a capital gain. Resident Holders that are corporations should consult their own advisors having regard to their own circumstances.
Dispositions of Registrable Common Shares
Upon a disposition (or a deemed disposition) of a Registrable Common Share, a Resident Holder generally will realize a capital gain (or a capital loss) equal to the amount by which the proceeds of disposition of such security, as applicable, net of any reasonable costs of disposition, are greater (or are less) than the adjusted cost base of such security, as applicable, to the Resident Holder. The tax treatment of capital gains and capital losses is discussed in greater detail below under the subheading Taxation of Capital Gains and Capital Losses.
The adjusted cost base to a Resident Holder of Registrable Common Shares acquired pursuant to this Offering will be determined by averaging the cost of such Registrable Common Shares with the adjusted cost base of all other Common Shares (if any) held by the Resident Holder as capital property immediately before that time.
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Taxation of Capital Gains and Capital Losses
Generally, a Resident Holder is required to include in computing its income for a taxation year one-half of the amount of any capital gain (a taxable capital gain) realized in the year. Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of the Tax Act, a Resident Holder is required to deduct one-half of the amount of any capital loss (an allowable capital loss) realized in a taxation year from taxable capital gains realized in the year by such Resident Holder. Allowable capital losses in excess of taxable capital gains may be carried back and deducted in any of the three preceding years or carried forward and deducted in any following taxation year against taxable capital gains realized in such year to the extent and under the circumstances described in the Tax Act.
The amount of any capital loss realized on the disposition or deemed disposition of Registrable Common Shares by a Resident Holder that is a corporation may be reduced by the amount of dividends received or deemed to have been received by it on such shares or shares substituted for such shares to the extent and in the circumstance specified by the Tax Act. Similar rules may apply where a corporation is, directly or through a trust or partnership, a member of a partnership or a beneficiary of a trust that owns Registrable Common Shares. Resident Holders to whom these rules may be relevant should consult their own tax advisors.
Minimum Tax
Capital gains realized and taxable dividends received by a Resident Holder that is an individual or a trust, other than certain specified trusts, may give rise to minimum tax under the Tax Act. Resident Holders should consult their own advisors with respect to the application of minimum tax.
Non-Resident Holders
The following section of this summary is generally applicable to Holders (Non-Resident Holders) who (i) for the purposes of the Tax Act, have not been and will not be resident in Canada or deemed to be resident in Canada at any time while they hold the Registrable Common Shares; and (ii) do not use or hold the Registrable Common Shares in carrying on a business in Canada. Special rules, which are not discussed in this summary, may apply to a Non-Resident Holder that is an insurer carrying on business in Canada and elsewhere. Such Non-Resident Holders should consult their own tax advisors.
Dividends
Dividends paid or credited or deemed to be paid or credited to a Non-Resident Holder by the Company are subject to Canadian withholding tax at the rate of 25% on the gross amount of the dividend unless such rate is reduced by the terms of an applicable tax treaty. Under the Canada-United States Income Tax Convention (1980) (the Treaty) as amended, the rate of withholding tax on dividends paid or credited to a Non-Resident Holder who is resident in the U.S. for purposes of the Treaty and entitled to benefits under the Treaty (a U.S. Holder) is generally limited to 15% of the gross amount of the dividend (or 5% in the case of a U.S. Holder that is a company beneficially owning at least 10% of the Companys voting shares). Non-Resident Holders should consult their own tax advisors.
Dispositions of Registrable Common Shares
A Non-Resident Holder generally will not be subject to tax under the Tax Act in respect of a capital gain realized on the disposition or deemed disposition of a Registrable Common Share, nor will capital losses arising therefrom be recognized under the Tax Act, unless the Registrable Common Share constitutes taxable Canadian property to the Non-Resident Holder thereof for purposes of the Tax Act, and the gain is not exempt from tax pursuant to the terms of an applicable tax treaty.
Provided the Common Shares are listed on a designated stock exchange, as defined in the Tax Act (which includes the TSX and NASDAQ), at the time of disposition, the Registrable Common Shares generally will not constitute taxable Canadian property of a Non-Resident Holder at that time, unless at any time during the
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60 month period immediately preceding the disposition the following two conditions were met concurrently: (i) the Non-Resident Holder, persons with whom the Non- Resident Holder did not deal at arms length, partnerships in which the Non-Resident Holder or persons with whom the Non- Resident Holder did not deal at arms length holds a membership interest (either directly or indirectly through one or more partnerships), or the Non-Resident Holder together with all such persons, owned 25% or more of the issued shares of any class or series of shares of the Company; and (ii) more than 50% of the fair market value of the Common Shares of the Company was derived directly or indirectly from one or any combination of real or immovable property situated in Canada, Canadian resource properties (as defined in the Tax Act), timber resource properties (as defined in the Tax Act) or an option, an interest or right in such property, whether or not such property exists. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Registrable Common Share may otherwise be deemed to be taxable Canadian property to a Non-Resident Holder for purposes of the Tax Act.
A Non-Resident Holders capital gain (or capital loss) in respect of Registrable Common Shares that constitute or are deemed to constitute taxable Canadian property (and are not treaty-protected property as defined in the Tax Act) will generally be computed in the manner described above under the subheading Resident Holders Dispositions of Registrable Common Shares.
Non-Resident Holders whose Registrable Common Shares are taxable Canadian property should consult their own tax advisors.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are required to file with the securities commission or authority in each of the applicable provinces of Canada annual and quarterly reports, material change reports and other information. In addition, we are subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and, in accordance with the Exchange Act, we also file reports with, and furnish other information to, the SEC. Under a multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the United States and Canada, these reports and other information (including financial information) may be prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements of Canada, which differ in certain respects from those in the United States. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required to publish financial statements as promptly as U.S. companies.
You may read any document we file with or furnish to the securities commissions and authorities of the provinces of Canada through SEDAR at www.sedar.com and any document we file with, or furnish to, the SEC through EDGAR at www.sec.gov.
AUDITORS, TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
The auditor of the Company is PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP at its offices located at TD Tower, 10088 102 Avenue, Suite 1501, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5J 3N5. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP report that they are independent from the Company within the meaning of the Rules of Professional Conduct of the Chartered Professional Accountants of Alberta.
As of the date of this prospectus supplement, the registrar and transfer agent of the Company is Computershare Investor Services Inc. located at its principal offices in Calgary, Alberta and Toronto, Ontario and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. located at its principal offices in Golden Colorado.
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Charles A. Rowland, Jr., the President and Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company, and Gregory Ayers, Hyuek Joon Lee and David Jayne, each a director of the Company, reside outside of Canada and have appointed an agent for service of process in Canada, as set out in the table below. Each of the Selling Securityholders is incorporated under the laws of the United States or reside outside of Canada and have also appointed an agent for service of process in Canada, as further described below.
Name of Person |
Name and Address of Agent | |
Charles A. Rowland, Jr. | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 | |
Gregory Ayers | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 | |
Hyuek Joon Lee | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 | |
David Jayne | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 | |
ILJIN SNT Co., Ltd. | Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt LLP, Suite 2500, TransCanada Tower, 450 1st Street S.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 5H1 | |
Abingworth Bioequities Master Fund Ltd. | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 | |
Franklin Berger | Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., #1203 4464 Markham Street, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8Z 7X8 | |
Bradley Dickerson | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 | |
Rashieda Gluck | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V7X 1T2 |
Purchasers are advised that it may not be possible for investors to enforce judgments obtained in Canada against any person or company that is incorporated, continued or otherwise organized under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction or resides outside of Canada, even if the party has appointed an agent for service of process.
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Certain legal matters related to our securities offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon on our behalf by Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, with respect to matters of Canadian law, and Cooley LLP, with respect to matters of U.S. law. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, the partners and associates of Borden Ladner Gervais LLP beneficially own, directly or indirectly, less than 1% of our outstanding Common Shares.
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
Aurinia is a corporation existing under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta). Most of the Companys directors and officers, and the experts named in this prospectus, are residents of Canada, and all or a substantial portion of their assets may be, and a substantial portion of the Companys assets are, located outside the United States. The Company has appointed an agent for service of process in the United States (as set forth below), but it may be difficult for holders of securities who reside in the United States to effect service within the United States upon those directors, officers and experts who are not residents of the United States. It may also be difficult for holders of securities who reside in the United States to realize in the United States upon judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon the Companys civil liability and the civil liability of the Companys directors, officers and experts under the United States federal securities laws. The Company has been advised that a judgment of a U.S. court predicated solely upon civil liability under U.S. federal securities laws or the securities or blue sky laws of any state within the United States, would likely be enforceable in Canada if the United States court in which the judgment was obtained has a basis for jurisdiction in the matter that would be recognized by a Canadian court for the same purposes. The Company has also been advised, however, that there is substantial doubt whether an action could be brought in Canada in the first instance on the basis of the liability predicated solely upon U.S. federal securities laws.
The Company filed with the SEC, concurrently with its Registration Statement on Form F-10 of which this prospectus supplement is a part, an appointment of agent for service of process on Form F-X. Under the Form F-X, the Company appointed CT Corporation System, 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10011 as agent for service of process in the United States in connection with any investigation or administrative proceeding conducted by the SEC, and any civil suit or action brought against or involving the Company in a U.S. court arising out of or related to or concerning the offering of securities under this prospectus.
In the opinion of Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, Canadian legal counsel to the Company, based on the current provisions of the Tax Act and the Regulations, a Registrable Common Share offered hereunder, if issued on the date hereof, will be a qualified investment under the Tax Act and the Regulations for a trust governed by a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP), a registered retirement income fund (RRIF), a tax-free savings account (TFSA), a registered education savings plan, a deferred profit sharing plan or a registered disability savings plan (as those terms are defined in the Tax Act).
Notwithstanding that a Registrable Common Share may be a qualified investment for a TFSA, RRSP or RRIF (a Registered Plan), if the Registrable Common Share is a prohibited investment within the meaning of the Tax Act for a Registered Plan, the holder or annuitant of the Registered Plan, as the case may be, will be subject to penalty taxes as set out in the Tax Act. A Registrable Common Share will generally not be a prohibited investment for a Registered Plan if the holder or annuitant, as the case may be, (i) deals at arms length with the Company for the purposes of the Tax Act, and (ii) does not have a significant interest (as defined in the Tax Act) in the Company. In addition, a Registrable Common Share will not be a prohibited investment if the Registrable Common Share is excluded property as defined in the Tax Act for a Registered Plan.
Purchasers of the Registrable Common Shares should consult their own tax advisers with respect to whether Registrable Common Shares would be prohibited investments having regard to their particular circumstances.
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PURCHASERS STATUTORY RIGHTS OF WITHDRAWAL AND RESCISSION
Securities legislation in certain of the provinces of Canada provides purchasers with the right to withdraw from an agreement to purchase securities. This right may be exercised within two business days after receipt or deemed receipt of a prospectus and any amendment, irrespective of the determination at a later date of the purchase price of the securities distributed. In several of the provinces, the securities legislation further provides a purchaser with remedies for rescission or, in some jurisdictions, damages if the prospectus and any amendment contains a misrepresentation or is not delivered to the purchaser, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchasers province. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchasers province for the particulars of these rights or consult with a legal adviser. Rights and remedies may also be available to purchasers under U.S. law; purchasers may wish to consult with a U.S. lawyer for particulars of these rights.
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Dated: July 15, 2016
This short form prospectus, together with the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference, as supplemented by the foregoing, constitutes full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities offered by this prospectus as required by the securities legislation of British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario.
(signed) Charles A. Rowland, Jr. |
(signed) Dennis Bourgeault | |
Chief Executive Officer | Chief Financial Officer |
On behalf of the Board of Directors of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc.
(signed) Richard Glickman |
(signed) Benjamin Rovinski | |
Director | Director |
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This short form prospectus has been filed under legislation in British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario, that permits certain information about these securities to be determined after this prospectus has become final and that permits the omission from this prospectus of that information. The legislation requires the delivery to purchasers of a prospectus supplement containing the omitted information within a specified period of time after agreeing to purchase any of these securities.
No securities regulatory authority has expressed an opinion about these securities and it is an offence to claim otherwise. This short form prospectus constitutes a public offering of these securities only in those jurisdictions where they may be lawfully for sale and therein only by persons permitted to sell such securities.
A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. These securities may not be offered nor any offers to buy be accepted prior to the time the registration statement becomes effective. This short form prospectus shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of such state.
Information has been incorporated by reference in this short form prospectus from documents filed with securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada. Copies of the documents incorporated herein by reference may be obtained on request without charge from the Corporate Secretary of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. at 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia V7X 1T2, Canada, Telephone: (604) 632-3473 and are also available electronically at www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov.
SHORT FORM BASE SHELF PROSPECTUS
New Issue and Secondary Offering | October 16, 2015 |
AURINIA PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
US $250,000,000
Common Shares
Warrants
Subscription Receipts
This short form base shelf prospectus (the Prospectus) relates to the issue and sale from time to time, during the 25-month period that this Prospectus, including any amendments hereto, remains effective, of common shares (Common Shares) in the capital of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Aurinia or the Company), warrants to purchase Common Shares (Warrants) or subscription receipts that entitle the holder to receive upon satisfaction of certain release conditions, and for no additional consideration, Common Shares (Subscription Receipts), (collectively, the Securities) or any combination of such Securities in one or more series or issuances, with a total offering price of such Securities, in the aggregate, of up to US$250,000,000 (or its equivalent in Canadian dollars or any other currency). The securities may be offered by the Company or by the Companys securityholders. The securities may be offered separately or together, in amounts, at prices and on terms to be determined based on market conditions at the time of the sale and set forth in an accompanying prospectus supplement.
The Common Shares are listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, or NASDAQ, under the symbol AUPH and on the Toronto Stock Exchange, or TSX, under the symbol AUP. On October 15, 2015, the last trading day prior to the filing of this Prospectus, the closing price of the Common Shares was US$2.93 on NASDAQ and CDN$3.74 on the TSX.
All information permitted under securities legislation to be omitted from this Prospectus will be contained in one or more prospectus supplements (each, a Prospectus Supplement) that will be delivered to purchasers together with this Prospectus. Each Prospectus Supplement will be incorporated by reference into this Prospectus for the purposes of
securities legislation as of the date of the Prospectus Supplement and only for the purposes of the distribution of the Securities to which the Prospectus Supplement pertains. You should read this Prospectus and any applicable Prospectus Supplement carefully before you invest in any Securities issued pursuant to this Prospectus.
Unless otherwise specified in an applicable Prospectus Supplement, the Companys Warrants and Subscription Receipts will not be listed on any securities or stock exchanges or on any automated dealer quotation system. There is currently no market through which the Companys Securities, other than the Common Shares, may be sold and purchasers may not be able to resell such Securities purchased under this Prospectus. This may affect the pricing of the Companys Securities, other than the Common Shares, in the secondary market, the transparency and availability of trading prices, the liquidity of these Securities and the extent of issuer regulation. See Risk Factors.
The Securities may be sold pursuant to this Prospectus through underwriters, dealers or agents designated from time to time or directly by the Company at amounts and prices and other terms determined by the Company. In connection with any underwritten offering of the Securities, the underwriters may over-allot or effect transactions which stabilize or maintain the market price of the Securities offered. Such transactions, if commenced, may discontinue at any time. See Plan of Distribution. A Prospectus Supplement relating to a particular offering of Securities will set out the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the sale of the Securities, the amounts, if any, to be purchased by underwriters, the plan of distribution for such Securities, including the net proceeds the Company expects to receive from the sale of such Securities, if any, the amounts and prices at which such Securities are to be sold and the compensation of such underwriters, dealers of agents.
The Companys registered office is located at #201, 17904 105 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T5S 2H5, Canada. The Companys head office is located at #1203-4464 Markham Street, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada.
Agent for Service of Process
Gregory Ayers, Hyuek Joon Lee, David Jayne, Charles Rowland and Stephen Zaruby are directors of the Company and reside outside of Canada. Each of these directors has appointed the following agent for service of process in Canada:
Name of Person |
Name and Address of Agent | |
Gregory Ayers, Hyuek Joon Lee, David Jayne, Charles Rowland and Stephen Zaruby |
Borden Ladner Gervais LLP 1200 Waterfront Centre 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600 Vancouver, BC V7X 1T2 Attention : Stephen P. Robertson |
Investing in the Securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully read the Risk Factors section beginning on page 8 of this Prospectus.
The Company is permitted under a multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the securities regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States to prepare this Prospectus in accordance with the disclosure requirements of Canada. Prospective investors in the United States should be aware that such requirements are different from those of the United States.
Owning the Securities may subject you to tax consequences both in Canada and the United States. Such tax consequences are not described in this Prospectus and may not be fully described in any applicable Prospectus Supplement. You should read the tax discussion in any Prospectus Supplement with respect to a particular offering and consult your own tax advisor with respect to your own particular circumstances.
Your ability to enforce civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws may be affected adversely because the Company is incorporated under the provincial laws of Alberta, most of the Companys officers and directors and the experts named in this Prospectus are Canadian residents or residents outside of the United States, and a substantial portion of the Companys assets and the assets of its officers, directors and experts are located outside of the United States.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, nor any state securities regulator has approved or disapproved the Securities offered hereby or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offence.
No underwriter has been involved in the preparation of this Prospectus or performed any review of the contents of this Prospectus.
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You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and any applicable Prospectus Supplement and on the other information included in the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part. The Company has not authorized anyone to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different or additional information, you should not rely on it. The Company is not making an offer to sell or seeking an offer to buy the Securities offered pursuant to this Prospectus in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this Prospectus or any applicable Prospectus Supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of those documents and that information contained in any document incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of that document, regardless of the time of delivery of this Prospectus or any applicable Prospectus Supplement or of any sale of Securities pursuant thereto. The Companys business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
Market data and certain industry forecasts used in this Prospectus or any applicable Prospectus Supplement and the documents incorporated by reference in this Prospectus or any applicable Prospectus Supplement were obtained from market research, publicly available information and industry publications. The Company believes that these sources are generally reliable, but the accuracy and completeness of this information is not guaranteed. The Company has not independently verified such information, and the Company does not make any representation as to the accuracy of such information.
In this Prospectus and any Prospectus Supplement, unless otherwise indicated, all dollar amounts and references to US$ are to U.S. dollars and references to CDN$ are to Canadian dollars. This Prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain translations of some Canadian dollar amounts into U.S. dollars solely for your convenience. See Exchange Rate Information.
In this Prospectus and in any Prospectus Supplement, unless the context otherwise requires, references to Aurinia or the Company, refer to Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc., either alone or together with its subsidiaries.
PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The Companys consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board or IASB.
A statement is forward-looking when it uses what the Company knows and expects today to make a statement about the future. Forward-looking statements may include words such as anticipate, believe, intend, expect, goal, may, outlook, plan, seek, should, strive, target, could, continue, potential and estimated, or the negative of such terms or comparable terminology. You should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, particularly those concerning anticipated events relating to the development, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and marketing of the Companys product and the timing or magnitude of those events, as they are inherently risky and uncertain.
Securities laws encourage companies to disclose forward-looking information so that investors can get a better understanding of the Companys future prospects and make informed investment decisions. These statements, made either in this Prospectus or a document incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, may include, without limitation:
| plans to fund the Companys operations; |
| the Companys intended use of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities; |
| statements concerning strategic alternatives and future operations; |
| partnering activities; |
| summary statements relating to results of the past voclosporin trials or plans to advance the development of voclosporin; |
| statements concerning partnership activities and health regulatory discussions; |
| the timing of completion of patient enrolment in the Companys AURA-LV and AURION studies; |
| the timing of commencement and completion of clinical trials; |
| the Companys intention to seek regulatory approvals in the United States and Europe for voclosporin; |
| the Companys intention to seek additional corporate alliances and collaborative agreements to support the commercialization and development of its product; |
| the Companys intention to demonstrate that voclosporin possesses pharmacologic properties with the potential to demonstrate best-in-class differentiation with first-in-class status for the treatment of LN (lupus nephritis) outside of Japan; |
| the Companys intention to use the LN Phase 2b clinical trial program to gain a clearer understanding of voclosporins time to onset of action in patients suffering from LN; |
| the Companys belief that recent granted formulation patents regarding the delivery of voclosporin to the ocular surface for conditions such as dry eye have the potential to be of therapeutic value; |
| the Companys belief that voclosporin has further potential to be of therapeutic value in other autoimmune indications and in the prevention of transplant rejection; |
| the Companys intention to seek regulatory approval in other jurisdictions in the future and initiate clinical studies; |
| the Companys anticipated future financial position, future revenues and projected costs; and |
| plans and objectives of management. |
Such statements reflect the Companys current views with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties and are necessarily based on a number of estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by the Company, as at the date of such statements, are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, political, scientific and social uncertainties and contingencies, many of which, with respect to future events, are subject to change. The factors and assumptions used by the Company to develop such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the assumption that the Company will be able to reach agreements with regulatory agencies on executable development programs; the assumption that recruitment to clinical trials will occur as projected; the assumption that the Company will successfully complete its clinical programs on a timely basis, including the Phase 2b LN clinical trial currently in progress, to enable the Company to proceed to conduct the required Phase 3 LN clinical trials and meet regulatory requirements for approval of marketing authorization applications and new drug approvals; the assumption the regulatory requirements will be maintained; the assumption that the Company will be able to manufacture and secure a sufficient supply of voclosporin to successfully complete the development and commercialization of voclosporin; the assumption that the Companys patent portfolio is sufficient and valid; the assumption that there is a potential commercial value for other indications for voclosporin; the assumption that market data and reports reviewed by the Company are accurate; the assumption that the Companys current good relationships with its suppliers, service providers and other third parties will be maintained; the assumptions relating to the availability of capital on terms that are favourable to the Company; the assumption that the Company will be able to attract and retain skilled staff; the assumption that general business and economic conditions will be maintained, and the assumptions relating to the feasibility of future clinical trials. It is important to know that:
| Actual results could be materially different from what the Company expects if known or unknown risks affect its business, or if the Companys estimates or assumptions turn out to be inaccurate. As a result, |
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the Company cannot guarantee that any forward-looking statement will materialize and, accordingly, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. |
| Forward-looking statements do not take into account the effect that transactions or non-recurring or other special items announced or occurring after the statements are made may have on the Companys business. For example, they do not include the effect of mergers, acquisitions, other business combinations or transactions, dispositions, sales of assets, asset write-downs or other charges announced or occurring after the forward-looking statements are made. The financial impact of such transactions and non-recurring and other special items can be complex and necessarily depends on the facts particular to each of them. Accordingly, the expected impact cannot be meaningfully described in the abstract or presented in the same manner as known risks affecting the Companys business. |
| The Company disclaims any intention and assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements even if new information becomes available, as a result of future events, new information, or for any other reason except as required by law. |
The factors discussed below and other considerations discussed in the Risk Factors section of this Prospectus could cause the Companys actual results to differ significantly from those contained in any forward-looking statements.
Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the Companys actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from any further results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause such differences include, among other things, the following:
| the need for additional capital in the longer term to fund the Companys development programs and the effect of capital market conditions and other factors on capital availability; |
| difficulties, delays, or failures the Company may experience in the conduct of and reporting of results of its clinical trials for voclosporin, and in particular its current LN Phase 2b clinical trial; |
| difficulties, delays or failures in obtaining regulatory approvals for the initiation of clinical trials; |
| difficulties, delays or failures in obtaining regulatory approvals to market voclosporin; |
| difficulties the Company may experience in completing the development and commercialization of voclosporin; |
| insufficient acceptance of and demand for voclosporin; |
| difficulties, delays, or failures in obtaining appropriate reimbursement of voclosporin; and/or |
| difficulties that the Company may experience in identifying and successfully securing appropriate corporate alliances to support the development and commercialization of its product. |
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this Prospectus or, in the case of documents incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, as of the date of such documents or, in the case of any Prospectus Supplement, as of the date of such Prospectus Supplement and the Company disclaims any intention and have no obligation or responsibility, except as required by law, to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Information has been incorporated by reference in this Prospectus from documents filed with securities commissions or similar authorities in Canada which have also been filed with, or furnished to, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Copies of the documents incorporated by reference in this Prospectus and not delivered with this Prospectus may be obtained on request without charge from the Companys Corporate Secretary at 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600, Vancouver, British Columbia V7X 1T2, Canada, Telephone: (604) 632-3473 or by accessing the disclosure documents through the Internet on the Canadian System for Electronic Analysis and Retrieval, or SEDAR, at www.sedar.com. Documents filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are available through the SECs Electronic Data Gathering and Retrieval System, or EDGAR, at www.sec.gov.
The following documents, filed with the securities commissions or similar regulatory authorities in British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario, and filed with, or furnished to, the SEC are specifically incorporated by reference into, and form an integral part of, this Prospectus:
(a) | the annual information form of the Company dated March 26, 2015 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 (the AIF); |
(b) | the amended audited consolidated balance sheets of the Company as at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2014, including the notes thereto and the auditors report thereon, as filed on May 15, 2015; |
(c) | the amended Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2014, as filed on May 15, 2015; |
(d) | the unaudited comparative consolidated interim financial statements of the Company as at and for the period ended March 31, 2015; |
(e) | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the period ended March 31, 2015; |
(f) | the unaudited comparative consolidated interim financial statements of the Company as at and for the period ended June 30, 2015; |
(g) | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for the period ended June 30, 2015; and |
(h) | the management information circular dated April 24, 2015 in connection with the annual general meeting of Aurinias shareholders held on May 26, 2015. |
Any documents of the type described in Section 11.1 of Form 44-101F1 Short Form Prospectuses filed by the Company with a securities commission or similar authority in any jurisdiction of Canada subsequent to the date of this Prospectus and prior to the expiry of this Prospectus, or the completion of the issuance of Securities pursuant hereto, will be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Prospectus.
In addition, to the extent that any document or information incorporated by reference into this Prospectus is filed with, or furnished to, the SEC pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), after the date of this Prospectus, such document or information will be deemed to be incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part (in the case of a report on Form 6-K, if and to the extent expressly provided therein).
A Prospectus Supplement containing the specific terms of any offering of the Securities will be delivered to purchasers of such Securities together with this Prospectus and will be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Prospectus as of the date of such Prospectus Supplement and only for the purposes of the offering of the Securities to which that Prospectus Supplement pertains.
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Any statement contained in this Prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this Prospectus shall be deemed to be modified or superseded, for the purposes of this Prospectus, to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document that also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. The modifying or superseding statement need not state that it has modified or superseded a prior statement or include any other information set forth in the document that it modifies or supersedes. The making of a modifying or superseding statement shall not be deemed an admission for any purposes that the modified or superseded statement, when made, constituted a misrepresentation, an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact that is required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Prospectus.
Upon filing a new annual information form and the related annual financial statements and managements discussion and analysis with applicable securities regulatory authorities during the currency of this Prospectus, the previous annual information form, the previous annual financial statements and managements discussion and analysis and all quarterly financial statements, supplemental information, material change reports and information circulars filed prior to the commencement of the Companys financial year in which the new annual information form is filed will be deemed no longer to be incorporated into this Prospectus for purposes of future offers and sales of the Securities under this Prospectus. Upon interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying managements discussion and analysis being filed by the Company with the applicable securities regulatory authorities during the duration of this Prospectus, all interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying managements discussion and analysis filed prior to the new interim consolidated financial statements shall be deemed no longer to be incorporated into this Prospectus for purposes of future offers and sales of Securities under this Prospectus.
DOCUMENTS FILED AS PART OF THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT
The following documents have been or will be filed with the SEC as part of the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part: (i) the documents listed under the heading Documents Incorporated by Reference; (ii) powers of attorney from the Companys directors and officers; and (iii) the consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
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The following table sets forth for each period indicated: (i) the noon exchange rates in effect at the end of the period; (ii) the high and low noon exchange rates during such period; and (iii) the average noon exchange rates for such period, for one Canadian dollar, expressed in U.S. dollars, as quoted by the Bank of Canada.
Year Ended December 31 | ||||||||||||
2014 | 2013 | 2012 | ||||||||||
US$ | US$ | US$ | ||||||||||
Closing |
0.8620 | 0.9402 | 1.0051 | |||||||||
High |
0.9422 | 1.0164 | 1.0299 | |||||||||
Low |
0.8589 | 0.9348 | 0.9599 | |||||||||
Average |
0.9054 | 0.9710 | 1.0004 |
Six Months Ended June 30 | ||||||||||||
2015 | 2014 | 2013 | ||||||||||
US$ | US$ | US$ | ||||||||||
Closing |
0.8006 | 0.9372 | 0.9508 | |||||||||
High |
0.8527 | 0.9422 | 1.0164 | |||||||||
Low |
0.7811 | 0.8888 | 0.9495 | |||||||||
Average |
0.8095 | 0.9117 | 0.9844 |
On October 15, 2015, the noon exchange rate as quoted by the Bank of Canada was CDN$1.00 = US$0.7750.
The Company is a clinical stage pharmaceutical company with its registered office located at #201, 17904 105 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T5S 2H5, Canada. The Companys head office is located at #1203-4464 Markham Street, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada and incorporates the clinical, regulatory and business development functions of the Company. The office of the Chief Executive Officer is located in Bellevue, Washington, U.S.A.
Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. is organized under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta).
The Companys Common Shares are currently listed and traded on the NASDAQ under the symbol AUPH and on the TSX under the symbol AUP.
The Company has the following wholly-owned subsidiaries: Aurinia Pharma Corp. (British Columbia incorporated), Aurinia Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Delaware incorporated) and Aurinia Pharma Limited (UK incorporated).
The Companys By-Law No. 2 was amended at a shareholders meeting held on August 15, 2013 to include provisions requiring advance notice for any nominations of directors by shareholders.
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Aurinia is focused on the development of its novel therapeutic immunomodulating drug candidate, voclosporin, which is a next generation calcineurin inhibitor (CNI). It has been studied in kidney rejection following transplantation, psoriasis and in various forms of uveitis (an ophthalmic disease).
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The Company has, since September 20, 2013, rebranded, restructured and refocused itself around a strategy that focuses on the development of voclosporin for the treatment of LN. The mechanism of action of voclosporin, a CNI, has been validated with certain first generation CNIs for the prevention of rejection in patients undergoing solid organ transplants and in several autoimmune indications, including dermatitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (Dry Eye Syndrome), psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and for LN in Japan. The Company believes that voclosporin possesses pharmacologic properties with the potential to demonstrate best-in-class differentiation with first-in-class regulatory approval status for the treatment of LN outside of Japan.
The Company will also continue to evaluate opportunities for other indications of voclosporin to create shareholder value.
In February 2014, the Company completed a private placement with net proceeds of $48.31 million, the net proceeds of which were to be used to advance the clinical and non-clinical development of its lead drug voclosporin, as a therapy for LN, and for general corporate purposes. A summary of the anticipated and actual use of proceeds up to and including June 30, 2015 from that financing are set out below (other than working capital):
Expected use of proceeds for period to June 30, 2015 (in thousands) $ |
Incurred for period to June 30, 2015 (in thousands) $ |
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Research and development of voclosporin |
18,509 | 16,319 | ||||||
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Other corporate purposes |
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Corporate, administration, business development |
7,760 | 6,851 | ||||||
Repayment of drug supply loan |
1,290 | 1,290 | ||||||
Payment of financing milestone to ILJIN |
1,472 | 1,600 | ||||||
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10,522 | 9,741 | |||||||
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For the period from the date of the private placement to June 30, 2015, the actual use of proceeds was slightly less than the original estimates. This is primarily the result of actual voclosporin Phase 2b clinical trial expenditures to date being less than originally estimated due to the difference in timing of these expenditures. There is not expected to be any significant impact on the Companys ability to achieve its business objectives and milestones as a result of this variation.
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Investing in Securities involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information included or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus or any applicable Prospectus Supplement, you should carefully consider the risks described below before purchasing Securities. If any of the following risks actually occur, the Companys business, financial condition and results of operations could materially suffer. As a result, the trading price of Common Shares could decline, and you might lose all or part of your investment. The risks set out below are not the only risks the Company faces; risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Company or that the Company currently deems to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect the Companys business, financial condition and results of operations. You should also refer to the other information set forth or incorporated by reference in this Prospectus or any applicable Prospectus Supplement, including the Companys consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Risks Relating to Aurinias Business
Clinical Trial Progress and Results Heavy Dependence on Voclosporin
The Company has invested a significant portion of its time and financial resources in the development of voclosporin. Voclosporin is currently the Companys only product. The Company anticipates that its ability to generate revenues and meet expectations will depend on the successful development and commercialization of voclosporin. The successful development and commercialization of voclosporin will depend on several factors, including the following:
| successful completion of clinical programs, and in particular, the Phase 2b LN clinical trial currently in progress; |
| receipt of marketing approvals from the FDA and other regulatory authorities with a commercially viable label; |
| securing and maintaining partners with sufficient expertise and resources to help in the continuing development and eventual commercialization of voclosporin for autoimmune indications and/or transplant; |
| maintaining suitable manufacturing and supply agreements to ensure commercial quantities of the product through validated processes; and |
| acceptance and adoption of the product by the medical community and third-party payors. |
It is possible that the Company may decide to discontinue the development of voclosporin at any time for commercial, scientific, or regulatory reasons. If voclosporin is developed, but not marketed, the Company will have invested significant resources and its future operating results and financial conditions would be significantly adversely affected. If the Company is not successful in commercializing voclosporin, or significantly delayed in doing so, its business will be materially harmed and the Company may need to curtail or cease operations.
Product Development Goals and Time Frames
The Company sets goals for, and makes public statements regarding, timing of the accomplishment of objectives material to its success, such as the commencement and completion of clinical trials, anticipated regulatory approval dates, and time of product launch. The actual timing of these events can vary dramatically due to factors such as delays or failures in clinical trials, the uncertainties inherent in the regulatory approval process, and delays in achieving product development, manufacturing, or marketing milestones necessary to commercialize its product. There can be no assurance that the Companys clinical trials will be completed, that regulatory submissions will be made or receive regulatory approvals as planned, or that the Company will be able to adhere to the current schedule for the validation of manufacturing and launch of its product. If the Company fails to achieve one or more of these milestones as planned, the price of the Companys Securities could decline.
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No Assurance of Successful Development
The Company has not completed the development of any therapeutic products and in particular, voclosporin, and therefore there can be no assurance that any product will be successfully developed. The Companys therapeutic product has not received regulatory approval for commercial use and sale for any indication, in any jurisdiction. The Company cannot market a pharmaceutical product in any jurisdiction until it has completed thorough preclinical testing and clinical trials in addition to that jurisdictions extensive regulatory approval process. In general, significant research and development and clinical studies are required to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of its products before submission of any regulatory applications. The Company may never obtain the required regulatory approvals for its product in any indication. Product candidates require significant additional research and development efforts, including clinical trials, prior to regulatory approval and potential commercialization, however, there can be no assurance that the results of all required clinical trials will demonstrate that these product candidates are safe and effective or, even if the results of all required clinical trials do demonstrate that these product candidates are safe and effective, or even if the results of the clinical trials are considered successful by the Company, that the regulatory authorities will not require the Company to conduct additional clinical trials before they will consider approving such product candidates for commercial use. Approval or consent by regulatory authorities to commence a clinical trial does not indicate that the device, drug, or treatment being studied can or will be approved. Preparing, submitting, and advancing applications for regulatory approval is complex, expensive, time intensive and entails significant uncertainty.
The results of the Companys completed preclinical studies and clinical trials may not be indicative of future clinical trial results. A commitment of substantial resources to conduct time-consuming research, preclinical studies, and clinical trials will be required if the Company is to complete the development of its product.
There can be no assurance that unacceptable toxicities or adverse side effects will not occur at any time in the course of preclinical studies or human clinical trials or, if any products are successfully developed and approved for marketing, during commercial use of its products. The appearance of any such unacceptable toxicities or adverse side effects could interrupt, limit, delay, or abort the development of the Companys product or, if previously approved, necessitate their withdrawal from the market. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that disease resistance or other unforeseen factors will not limit the effectiveness of the Companys product. Any products resulting from the Companys programs are not expected to be successfully developed or made commercially available in the near term and may not be successfully developed or made commercially available at all. Should the Companys product prove to have insufficient benefit and/or have an unsafe profile, its development will likely be discontinued.
The future performance of the Company will be impacted by a number of important factors, including, in the short-term, its ability to continue to generate cash flow from financings, and in the longer term, its ability to generate royalty or other revenues from licensed technology and bring new products to the market. The Companys future success will require efficacy and safety of its product and regulatory approval for the product. Future success of commercialization of any product is also dependant on the ability of the Company to obtain patents, enforce such patents, avoid patent infringement, and obtain patent extensions where applicable.
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The Company will have significant additional future capital needs and there are uncertainties as to the Companys ability to raise additional funding.
The Company will require significant additional capital resources to expand the Companys business, in particular the further development of the Companys product candidate, voclosporin. Advancing the Companys product candidate, market for the Companys product, or acquisition and development of any new products or product candidates will require considerable resources and additional access to capital markets. In addition, the Companys future cash requirements may vary materially from those now expected. For example, the Companys future capital requirements may increase if:
| the Company experiences unexpected or increased costs relating to preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing patent claims, or other lawsuits, brought by either the Company or its competition; |
| the Company experiences scientific progress sooner than expected in its discovery, research and development projects, if the Company expands the magnitude and scope of these activities, or if the Company modifies the Companys focus as a result of its discoveries; |
| the Company is required to perform additional pre-clinical studies and clinical trials; or |
| the Company elects to develop, acquire or license new technologies, products or businesses. |
The Company could potentially seek additional funding through corporate collaborations and licensing arrangements or through public or private equity or debt financing. However, if capital market conditions in general, or with respect to life sciences companies such as the Company, are unfavourable, the Companys ability to obtain significant additional funding on acceptable terms, if at all, will be negatively affected. Additional financing that the Company may pursue may involve the sale of Common Shares which could result in significant dilution to the Companys shareholders.
If sufficient capital is not available, the Company may be required to delay the Companys research and development projects, which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, prospects or results of operations.
Negative Cash Flow
The Company had negative operating cash flow for the financial year ended December 31, 2014. The Company anticipates that it will continue to have negative cash flow as it continues its development of voclosporin. To the extent that the Company has negative operating cash flow in future periods, it may need to allocate a portion of its cash reserves to fund such negative cash flow. The Company may also be required to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or debt securities. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to generate a positive cash flow from its operations, that additional capital or other types of financing will be available when needed or that these financings will be on terms favourable to the Company.
Patents and Proprietary Technology
Patents and other proprietary rights are essential to the Companys business. The Companys policy has been to file patent applications to protect technology, inventions, and improvements to its inventions that are considered important to the development of its business.
The Companys success will depend in part on its ability to obtain patents, defend patents, maintain trade secret protection and operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others. Interpretation and evaluation of pharmaceutical patent claims present complex and often novel legal and factual questions. Accordingly, there is some question as to the extent to which biopharmaceutical discoveries and related products and processes can be effectively protected by patents. As a result, there can be no assurance that:
| patent applications will result in the issuance of patents; |
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| additional proprietary products developed will be patentable; |
| patents issued will provide adequate protection or any competitive advantages; |
| patents issued will not be successfully challenged by third parties; |
| the patents issued do not infringe the patents or intellectual property of others; or |
| that the Company will be able to obtain any extensions of the patent term. |
A number of pharmaceutical, biotechnology, medical device companies and research and academic institutions have developed technologies, filed patent applications or received patents on various technologies that may be related to the business of the Company. Some of these technologies, applications or patents may conflict with or adversely affect the technologies or intellectual property rights of the Company. Any conflicts with the intellectual property of others could limit the scope of the patents, if any, that the Company may be able to obtain or result in the denial of patent applications altogether.
Further, there may be uncertainty as to whether the Company may be able to successfully defend any challenge to its patent portfolio. Moreover, the Company may have to participate in interference proceedings in the various jurisdictions around the world. An unfavorable outcome in an interference or opposition proceeding could preclude the Company or its collaborators or licensees from making, using or selling products using the technology, or require the Company to obtain license rights from third parties. It is not known whether any prevailing party would offer a license on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. Further, any such license could require the expenditure of substantial time and resources and could harm the business of the Company. If such licenses are not available, the Company could encounter delays or prohibition of the development or introduction of the product of the Company.
Clinical trials for the Companys product candidates are expensive and time-consuming, and their outcome is uncertain.
Before the Company can obtain regulatory approval for the commercial sale of any product candidate currently under development, the Company is required to complete extensive clinical trials to demonstrate its safety and efficacy. Clinical trials are very expensive and difficult to design and implement. The clinical trial process is also time-consuming. If the Company finds a collaboration partner for the development of voclosporin, the clinical trials are expected to continue for several years, although costs associated with voclosporin may well be shared with the Companys collaboration partner. The timing of the commencement, continuation and completion of clinical trials may be subject to significant delays relating to various causes, including:
| the Companys inability to find collaboration partners; |
| the Companys inability to manufacture or obtain sufficient quantities of materials for use in clinical trials; |
| delays in obtaining regulatory approvals to commence a study, or government intervention to suspend or terminate a study; |
| delays, suspension, or termination of the clinical trials imposed by the institutional review board or independent ethics board responsible for overseeing the study to protect research subjects at a particular study site; |
| delays in identifying and reaching agreement on acceptable terms with prospective clinical trial sites; |
| slower than expected rates of patient recruitment and enrollment; |
| uncertain dosing issues; |
| inability or unwillingness of medical investigators to follow the Companys clinical protocols; |
| variability in the number and types of subjects available for each study and resulting difficulties in identifying and enrolling subjects who meet trial eligibility criteria; |
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| scheduling conflicts with participating clinicians and clinical institutions; |
| difficulty in maintaining contact with subjects after treatment, which results in incomplete data; |
| unforeseen safety issues or side effects; |
| lack of efficacy during the clinical trials; |
| the Companys reliance on clinical research organizations to conduct clinical trials, which may not conduct those trials with good clinical or laboratory practices; or |
| other regulatory delays. |
The results of pre-clinical studies and initial clinical trials are not necessarily predictive of future results, and the Companys current product candidate may not have favourable results in later trials or in the commercial setting.
Pre-clinical tests and Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials are primarily designed to test safety, to study pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and to understand the side effects of product candidates at various doses and schedules. Success in pre-clinical or animal studies and early clinical trials does not ensure that later large scale efficacy trials will be successful nor does it predict final results. Favourable results in early trials may not be repeated in later trials.
A number of companies in the life sciences industry have suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after positive results in earlier trials. Clinical results are frequently susceptible to varying interpretations that may delay, limit or prevent regulatory approvals. Negative or inconclusive results or adverse medical events during a clinical trial could cause a clinical trial to be delayed, repeated or terminated. In addition, failure to construct appropriate clinical trial protocols could result in the test or control group experiencing a disproportionate number of adverse events and could cause a clinical trial to be repeated or terminated. Pre-clinical data and the clinical results the Company has obtained for voclosporin may not predict results from studies in larger numbers of subjects drawn from more diverse populations or in a commercial setting, and also may not predict the ability of the Companys product to achieve its intended goals, or to do so safely.
The Company will be required to demonstrate through larger-scale clinical trials that voclosporin is safe and effective for use in a diverse population before the Company can seek regulatory approvals for its commercial sale. There is typically an extremely high rate of attrition from the failure of product candidates proceeding through clinical and post-approval trials. If voclosporin fails to demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy in ongoing or future clinical trials, the Company could experience potentially significant delays in, or be required to abandon development of, the Companys product candidate currently under development.
The Companys industry is subject to health and safety risks.
The Company produces a product for human ingestion. While the Company takes substantial precautions such as laboratory and clinical testing, toxicology studies, quality control and assurance testing and controlled production methods, the associated health and safety risks cannot be eliminated. Products produced by the Company may be found to be, or to contain substances that are harmful to the health of the Companys patients and customers and which, in extreme cases, may cause serious health conditions or death. This sort of finding may expose the Company to substantial risk of litigation and liability.
Further, the Company would be forced to discontinue production of the Companys product, which would harm the Companys profitability. Aurinia maintains product liability insurance coverage; however, there is no guarantee that the Companys current coverage will be sufficient or that the Company can secure insurance coverage in the future at commercially viable rates or with the appropriate limits.
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The Companys product may not achieve or maintain expected levels of market acceptance, which could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of the Companys Securities to decline.
Even if the Company is able to obtain regulatory approvals for the Companys product, the success of the product is dependent upon achieving and maintaining market acceptance. New product candidates that appear promising in development may fail to reach the market or may have only limited or no commercial success. Levels of market acceptance for the Companys product could be impacted by several factors, many of which are not within the Companys control, including but not limited to:
| safety, efficacy, convenience and cost-effectiveness of the Companys product compared to products of the Companys competitors; |
| scope of approved uses and marketing approval; |
| timing of market approvals and market entry; |
| difficulty in, or excessive costs to, manufacture; |
| infringement or alleged infringement of the patents or intellectual property rights of others; |
| availability of alternative products from the Companys competitors; |
| acceptance of the price of the Companys product; and |
| ability to market the Companys product effectively at the retail level. |
In addition, by the time any products are ready to be commercialized, what the Company believes to be the market for these products may have changed. The Companys estimates of the number of patients who have received or might have been candidates to use a specific product may not accurately reflect the true market or market prices for such products or the extent to which such products, if successfully developed, will actually be used by patients. The Companys failure to successfully introduce and market its product that are under development would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The Company is dependent upon the Companys key personnel to achieve the Companys business objectives.
As a technology-driven company, intellectual input from key management and personnel is critical to achieve the Companys business objectives. Consequently, the Companys ability to retain these individuals and attract other qualified individuals is critical to the Companys success. The loss of the services of key individuals might significantly delay or prevent achievement of the Companys business objectives. In addition, because of a relative scarcity of individuals with the high degree of education and scientific achievement required for the Companys business, competition among life sciences companies for qualified employees is intense and, as a result, the Company may not be able to attract and retain such individuals on acceptable terms, or at all. In addition, because the Company does not maintain key person life insurance on any of the Companys officers, employees, or consultants, any delay in replacing such persons, or an inability to replace them with persons of similar expertise, would have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The Company also has relationships with scientific collaborators at academic and other institutions, some of whom conduct research at the Companys request or assist the Company in formulating its research and development strategies. These scientific collaborators are not the Companys employees and may have commitments to, or consulting or advisory contracts with, other entities that may limit their availability to the Company. In addition, even though the Companys collaborators are required to sign confidentiality agreements prior to working with the Company, they may have arrangements with other companies to assist such other companies in developing technologies that may prove competitive to the Company.
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Incentive provisions for the Companys key executives include the granting of stock options that vest over time, designed to encourage such individuals to stay with the Company. However, a low share price, whether as a result of disappointing progress in the Companys development programs or as a result of market conditions generally, could render such agreements of little value to the Companys key executives. In such event, the Companys key executives could be susceptible to being hired away by the Companys competitors who could offer a better compensation package. If the Company is unable to attract and retain key personnel the Companys business, financial conditions and results of operations may be adversely affected.
The Company is exposed to risks relating to the write-down of intangible assets, which comprises a significant portion of the Companys total assets.
A significant amount of the Companys total assets relate to the Companys intellectual property. As of June 30, 2015, the carrying value of the Companys intangible assets was approximately US$17.8 million. In accordance with IFRS, the Company is required to review the carrying value of the Companys intangible assets for impairment periodically or when certain triggers occur. Such impairment will result in a write-down of the intangible asset and the write-down is charged to income during the period in which the impairment occurs. The write-down of any intangible assets could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, financial condition, and results of operations.
If the Company were to lose the Companys foreign private issuer status under U.S. federal securities laws, the Company would likely incur additional expenses associated with compliance with the U.S. securities laws applicable to U.S. domestic issuers.
As a foreign private issuer, as defined in Rule 3b-4 under the Exchange Act, the Company is exempt from certain of the provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws. For example, the U.S. proxy rules and the Section 16 reporting and short swing profit rules do not apply to foreign private issuers. However, if the Company were to lose the Companys status as a foreign private issuer, these regulations would immediately apply and the Company would also be required to commence reporting on forms required of U.S. companies, such as Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K, rather than the forms currently available to the Company, such as Forms 40-F and 6-K. Compliance with these additional disclosure and timing requirements under these securities laws would likely result in increased expenses and would require the Companys management to devote substantial time and resources to comply with new regulatory requirements. Further, to the extent that the Company was to offer or sell the Companys Securities outside of the United States, the Company would have to comply with the more restrictive Regulation S requirements that apply to U.S. companies, and the Company would no longer be able to utilize the multijurisdictional disclosure system forms for registered offerings by Canadian companies in the United States, which could limit the Companys ability to access the capital markets in the future.
Legislative actions, potential new accounting pronouncements, and higher insurance costs are likely to impact the Companys future financial position or results of operations.
Future changes in financial accounting standards may cause adverse, unexpected revenue fluctuations and affect the Companys financial position or results of operations. New pronouncements and varying interpretations of pronouncements have occurred with greater frequency and are expected to occur in the future. Compliance with changing regulations of corporate governance and public disclosure may result in additional expenses. All of these uncertainties are leading generally toward increasing insurance costs, which may adversely affect the Companys business, results of operations and the Companys ability to purchase any such insurance, at acceptable rates or at all, in the future.
The Company relies on third parties for the supply and manufacture of voclosporin, which can be unpredictable in terms of quality, cost and availability.
The Companys drug, voclosporin, requires a specialized manufacturing process. Lonza Ltd. is currently the sole source manufacturer of voclosporin.
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The FDA and other regulatory authorities require that drugs be manufactured in accordance with the current good manufacturing practices regulations, as established from time to time. Accordingly, in the event the Company receives marketing approvals for voclosporin, it may need to rely on a limited number of third parties to manufacture and formulate voclosporin. The Company may not be able to arrange for its product to be manufactured on reasonable terms or in sufficient quantities.
Manufacturers of pharmaceutical products often encounter difficulties in production, especially in scaling up initial production. These problems include difficulties with production costs and yields, stability, quality control and assurance, and shortages of qualified personnel, as well as compliance with strictly enforced federal, provincial and foreign regulations. The Company relies on a limited number of third parties to manufacture and supply raw materials for its product. The third parties the Company chooses to manufacture and supply raw materials for its product are not under its control, and may not perform as agreed or may terminate their agreements with the Company, and the Company may not be able to find other third parties to manufacture and supply raw materials on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If either of these events were to occur, the Companys operating results and financial condition would be adversely affected.
In addition, drug and chemical manufacturers are subject to various regulatory inspections, including those conducted by the FDA, to ensure strict compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP) and other government regulations. While the Company is obligated to audit the performance of the Companys third-party contractors, the Company does not have complete control over their compliance. The Company could be adversely impacted if the Companys third-party manufacturers do not comply with these standards and regulations. For non-compliance, the regulatory authority may levy penalties and sanctions, including fines, injunctions, civil penalties, failure of the government to grant review of submissions or market approval of drugs, or cause delays, suspension or withdrawal of approvals, product seizures or recalls, operating restrictions, facility closures and criminal prosecutions. Any of this will have a material adverse impact on the Companys business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Anticipated Revenues may be derived from Licensing Activities
The Company anticipates that its revenues in the future may be derived from products licensed to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Accordingly, these revenues will depend, in large part, upon the success of these companies, and the Companys operating results may fluctuate substantially due to reductions and delays in their research, development and marketing expenditures. These reductions and delays may result from factors that are not within the Companys control, including:
| changes in economic conditions; |
| changes in the regulatory environment, including governmental pricing controls affecting health care and health care providers; |
| pricing pressures; and |
| other factors affecting research and development spending. |
Lack of Operating Profits
The Company has incurred losses and anticipates that its losses will increase as it continues its development and clinical trials and seeks regulatory approval for the sale of its therapeutic product. There can be no assurance that it will have earnings or positive cash flow in the future.
As at June 30, 2015, the Company had an accumulated deficit of $248.48 million. The net operating losses over the near-term and the next several years are expected to continue as a result of initiating new clinical trials and activities necessary to support regulatory approval and commercialization of its product. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to generate sufficient product revenue to become profitable at all or on a
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sustained basis. The Company expects to have quarter-to-quarter fluctuations in expenses, some of which could be significant, due to research, development, and clinical trial activities, as well as regulatory and commercialization activities.
The Companys business depends heavily on the use of information technologies.
Several key areas of the Companys business depend on the use of information technologies, including production, manufacturing and logistics, as well as clinical and regulatory matters. Despite the Companys best efforts to prevent such behavior, third parties may nonetheless attempt to hack into the Companys systems and obtain data relating to the Companys pre-clinical studies, clinical trials, patients using the Companys product or the Companys proprietary information on voclosporin. If the Company fails to maintain or protect the Companys information systems and data integrity effectively, the Company could lose existing customers, have difficulty attracting new customers, have problems in determining product cost estimates and establishing appropriate pricing, have difficulty preventing, detecting, and controlling fraud, have disputes with customers, physicians, and other health care professionals, have regulatory sanctions or penalties imposed, have increases in operating expenses, incur expenses or lose revenues as a result of a data privacy breach, or suffer other adverse consequences. While the Company has invested in the protection of data and information technology, there can be no assurance that the Companys efforts or those of the Companys third-party collaborators, if any, or manufacturers, to implement adequate security and quality measures for data processing would be sufficient to protect against data deterioration or loss in the event of a system malfunction, or to prevent data from being stolen or corrupted in the event of a security breach. Any such loss or breach could have a material adverse effect on the Companys business, operating results and financial condition.
Competition and Technological Change
The industry in which the Company operates is highly competitive and the Company has numerous domestic and foreign competitors, including major pharmaceutical and chemical companies, specialized biotechnology companies, universities, academic institutions, government agencies, public and private research organizations and large, fully-integrated pharmaceutical companies which have extensive resources and experience in research and development, process development, clinical evaluation, manufacturing, regulatory affairs, distribution and marketing. Many of the Companys potential competitors possess substantially greater research and development skills, financial, technical and marketing expertise and human resources than the Company, and may be better equipped to develop, manufacture and market products. There is a risk that new products and technologies may be developed which may be more effective or commercially viable than the product being developed or marketed by the Company, thus making the Companys product non-competitive or obsolete. There may also be market resistance to the acceptance of the Companys new product in any indication and a risk that the product, even though clinically effective, is not economically viable in the commercial production stage.
Reliance on Partners
The Companys strategy and success for the research, development, and commercialization of voclosporin in China, Canada, South Africa and Israel is dependent upon the Companys partners performing their respective contractual responsibilities. The Company has partnered with 3SBio, Inc. in China and Paladin Labs Inc. in Canada, South Africa and Israel. The amount and timing of resources such partners will devote to these activities may not be within the Companys control. There can be no assurance that its partners will perform their obligations as expected.
The license, research and development agreements with the partners noted above include indemnification and obligation provisions that are customary in the industry. These guarantees generally require the Company to compensate the other party for certain damages and costs incurred as a result of third party claims or damages arising from these transactions. These provisions may survive termination of the underlying agreement. The nature of the potential obligations prevents the Company from making a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount it could be required to pay.
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Reliance on Other Third Parties
The Company depends on third parties for the sourcing of components or for the product itself. Furthermore, as with other pharmaceutical companies, the Company relies on medical institutions for testing and clinically validating its prospective product. The Company does not anticipate any difficulties in obtaining required components or products or any difficulties in the validation and clinical testing of its product but there is no guarantee that they will be obtained.
The Company currently relies on contract research organizations (CROs) for the conduct of its clinical trials. These CROs operate in accordance with good clinical management practices mandated by the regulatory authorities and are subject to regular audits by regulatory authorities and by the Company.
The Company also has arrangements for the encapsulation, packaging and labeling of voclosporin through a third party supplier. Contract manufacturers must operate in compliance with regulatory requirements. Failure to do so could result in, among other things, the disruption of product supplies.
Marketing and Distribution
The Company has limited experience in the sales, marketing, and distribution of pharmaceutical products. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to establish sales, marketing, and distribution capabilities or make arrangements through collaborations, licensees, or others to perform such activities, or that such efforts would be successful. If the Company decides to market its product directly, the Company must either acquire or internally develop a marketing and sales force with technical expertise and provide supporting distribution capabilities. The acquisition or development of a sales and distribution infrastructure would require substantial resources, which may divert the attention of management and key personnel, and have a negative impact on product development. If the Company contracts with third parties for the sales and marketing of its product, the Companys revenue will be dependent on the efforts of these third parties, whose efforts may not be successful. If the Company fails to establish successful marketing and sales capabilities or to make arrangements with third parties, the business, financial condition and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.
Health Care Reimbursement
In both domestic and foreign markets, sales of the Companys product, if any, will be dependent in part on the availability of reimbursement from third party payors, such as government and private insurance plans. Third party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services. There can be no assurance that the Companys product will be considered cost effective by these third party payors, that reimbursement will be available or if available that the payors reimbursement policies will not adversely affect the Companys ability to sell its product on a profitable basis.
Government Regulation
The production and marketing of the Companys product and its ongoing research and development activities are subject to regulation by numerous federal, provincial, state and local governmental authorities in Canada, the United States and any other countries where the Company may test or market its product. These laws require the approval of manufacturing facilities, including adhering to good manufacturing and/or good laboratory practices during production and storage, the controlled research and testing of products, governmental review and approval of submissions requiring manufacturing, pre-clinical and clinical data to establish the safety and efficacy of the product for each use sought in order to obtain marketing approval, and the control of marketing activities, including advertising and labeling. The process of obtaining required approvals (such as, but not limited to, the approval of the FDA in the United States, the European Medicines Agency and Health Canada) can be costly and time consuming and there can be no assurance that future products will be successfully developed, proven safe and effective in clinical trials or receive applicable regulatory approvals. Potential investors should be aware of the risks, problems, delays, expenses and difficulties which may be encountered by the Company in view of the extensive regulatory environment which controls its business.
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In addition, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve or maintain regulatory compliance with respect to all or any part of its current or future products or that the Company will be able to timely and profitably produce its product while complying with applicable regulatory requirements. If the Company fails to maintain compliance, regulatory authorities may not allow the continuation of the drug development programs, or require the Company to make substantial changes to the drug. Any such actions could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Unauthorized Disclosure of Confidential Information
There may be an unauthorized disclosure of the significant amount of confidential information under the Companys control. The Company maintains and manages confidential information relating to its technology, research and development, production, marketing and business operations and those of its collaborators, in various forms. Although the Company has implemented controls to protect the confidentiality of such information, there can be no assurance that such controls will be effective. Unauthorized disclosures of such information could subject the Company to complaints or lawsuits for damages or could otherwise have a negative impact on its business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and credibility.
Use of Hazardous Materials
Drug manufacturing processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials. The Company and its third party manufacturing contractors are subject to regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of such materials and certain waste products. Although the Company believes that its third party manufacturers have the required safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials and comply with the standards prescribed by such laws and regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated. In the event of such an accident, the Company could be held liable for any damages that result and such liability could exceed the Companys resources.
Risks Relating to the Offering
There is currently no market through which the Companys Securities, other than the Common Shares, may be sold.
Unless otherwise specified in an applicable Prospectus Supplement, the Companys Warrants and Subscription Receipts will not be listed on any securities or stock exchanges or on any automated dealer quotation system. There is currently no market through which the Companys Securities, other than the Common Shares, may be sold and purchasers may not be able to resell such Securities purchased under this Prospectus. This may affect the pricing of the Companys Securities, other than the Common Shares, in the secondary market, the transparency and availability of trading prices, the liquidity of these Securities and the extent of issuer regulation.
Volatility of Share Price
The market prices for the securities of biotechnology companies, including the Company, have historically been volatile. The market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of any particular company. For example, since January 1, 2015, the closing price of the Companys Common Shares on the TSX has ranged from a low of CDN$3.74 to a high of CDN$6.65 and the closing price of the Common Shares on NASDAQ has ranged from a low of US$2.79 to a high of US$5.30.
The trading price of the Companys Common Shares could continue to be subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, many of which are beyond the Companys control, including the results and adequacy of the Companys preclinical studies and clinical trials, as well as those of its collaborators, or its competitors; other evidence of the safety or effectiveness of the Companys product or those of its competitors; announcements of technological innovations or new products by the Company or its competitors; governmental regulatory actions; developments with collaborators; developments (including litigation) concerning patent or other proprietary rights of the Company or competitors; concern as to the safety of the Companys product;
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period-to-period fluctuations in operating results; changes in estimates of the Companys performance by securities analysts; market conditions for biotechnology stocks in general; and other factors not within the control of the Company could have a significant adverse impact on the market price of the Companys Securities, regardless of its operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a companys securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted. A class action suit against the Company could result in substantial costs, potential liabilities and the diversion of managements attention and resources.
There is no guarantee that an active trading market for the Companys Common Shares will be maintained on the TSX and /or NASDAQ. Investors may not be able to sell their shares quickly or at the latest market price if the trading in the Companys Common Shares is not active.
The Company expects to issue Common Shares in the future. Holders of stock options and warrants may elect to exercise their options or warrants into Common Shares depending on the stock price. Future issuances of Common Shares, or the perception that such issuances are likely to occur, could affect the prevailing trading prices of the Common Shares. Future issuances of the Companys Common Shares could result in substantial dilution to its shareholders. In addition, the existence of Warrants may encourage short selling by market participants.
Sales of Common Shares could cause a decline in the market price of the Companys Common Shares. Two of the Companys major shareholders (venBio and ILJIN) own an aggregate of approximately 30% of the Companys outstanding Common Shares as at October 16, 2015. Any sales of Common Shares by these shareholders or other existing shareholders or holders of options may have an adverse effect on the Companys ability to raise capital and may adversely affect the market price of its Common Shares.
Future issuances of equity securities by the Company or sales by the Companys existing shareholders may cause the price of the Common Shares to fall.
The market price of the Common Shares could decline as a result of issuances of Securities by the Company or sales by the Companys existing shareholders in the market, or the perception that these sales could occur, during the currency of this Prospectus. Sales of Common Shares by shareholders might also make it more difficult for the Company to sell Common Shares at a time and price that the Company deems appropriate. With an additional sale or issuance of Common Shares, investors will suffer dilution of their voting power and may experience dilution in earnings per share.
The Company will have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds of an offering of the Securities and may not use them to effectively manage the Companys business.
The Company will have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from an offering of Securities. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine the Companys use of such proceeds, the Companys ultimate use might vary substantially from the Companys planned use. Investors may not agree with how the Company allocates or spends the proceeds from an offering of Common Shares. The Company may pursue acquisitions, collaborations or clinical trials that do not result in an increase in the market value of the Common Shares, and may increase the Companys losses.
The Company does not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
The Company has never declared or paid any dividends on the Common Shares. The Company intends, for the foreseeable future, to retain its future earnings, if any, to finance its commercial activities and further research and the expansion of its business. As a result, the return on an investment in Common Shares will likely depend upon any future appreciation in value, if any, and on a shareholders ability to sell Common Shares. The payment of future dividends, if any, will be reviewed periodically by the Companys board of directors and will depend upon, among other things, conditions then existing including earnings, financial conditions, cash on hand, financial requirements to fund the Companys commercial activities, development and growth, and other factors that the Companys board of directors may consider appropriate in the circumstances.
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The Company may be a passive foreign investment company for U.S. tax purposes, which may result in adverse tax consequences for U.S. investors.
Investors in Common Shares that are U.S. taxpayers should be aware that the Company believes that it was not, for the financial year ended December 31, 2014, a passive foreign investment company under Section 1297(a) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (a PFIC). However, there is no certainty that taxation authorities in the U.S. would agree with the Companys determination, and there is no certainty that the Company will not be a PFIC at some point in the future. If the Company is determined to be or becomes a PFIC, generally any gain recognized on the sale of the Common Shares and any excess distributions (as specially defined) paid on the Common Shares must be ratably allocated to each day in a U.S. taxpayers holding period for the Common Shares. The amount of any such gain or excess distribution allocated to prior years of such U.S taxpayers holding period for the Common Shares generally will be subject to U.S federal income tax at the highest tax applicable to ordinary income in each such prior year, and the U.S. taxpayer will be required to pay interest on the resulting tax liability for each such prior year, calculated as if such tax liability had been due in each such prior year.
Alternatively, a U.S. taxpayer that makes a qualified electing fund (a QEF) election with respect to the Company generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on such U.S. taxpayers pro rata share of the Companys net capital gain and ordinary earnings (as specifically defined and calculated under U.S. federal income tax rules), regardless of whether such amounts are actually distributed by the Company. U.S. taxpayers should be aware that there can be no assurance that the Company will satisfy record keeping requirements under the QEF rules or that the Company will supply U.S. taxpayers with required information under the QEF rules, in the event that the Company is a PFIC and a U.S. taxpayer wishes to make a QEF election. As a second alternative, a U.S. taxpayer may make a mark-to-market election if the Company is a PFIC and the Common Shares are marketable stock (as specifically defined). A U.S. taxpayer that makes a mark-to-market election generally will include in gross income, for each taxable year in which the Company is a PFIC, an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the fair market value of the Common Shares as of the close of such taxable year over (b) such U.S. taxpayers adjusted tax basis in the Common Shares.
The above paragraphs contain only a brief summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations. Investors should consult their own tax advisor regarding the PFIC rules and other U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of Common Shares.
You may be unable to enforce actions against the Company, certain of the Companys directors and officers, or the experts named in this Prospectus under U.S. federal securities laws.
The Company is a corporation organized under the laws of Alberta, Canada. Most of the Companys directors and officers, as well as the experts named in this Prospectus, reside principally in Canada or outside of the United States. Because all or a substantial portion of the Companys assets and the assets of these persons are located outside of the United States, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon the Company or those persons. Furthermore, it may not be possible for investors to enforce against the Company or those persons in the United States, judgments obtained in U.S. courts based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws or other laws of the United States. There is doubt as to the enforceability, in original actions in Canadian courts, of liabilities based upon U.S. federal securities laws and as to the enforceability in Canadian courts of judgments of U.S. courts obtained in actions based upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws. Therefore, it may not be possible to enforce those actions against the Company, certain of the Companys directors and officers or the experts named in this Prospectus.
There have been no material changes in the share and loan capital of the Company, on a consolidated basis, since the date of the most recently filed unaudited financial statements of the Company.
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Unless the Company otherwise indicates in a Prospectus Supplement, the Company currently intends to use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities for working capital and other general corporate purposes, which includes, but is not limited to, clinical development, regulatory and pre-marketing activities for voclosporin primarily for LN but also potentially for other voclosporin indications and business development opportunities such as additional product in-licensing transactions. The clinical trial development for voclosporin includes conducting the required Phase 3 clinical program for LN. It is expected that more than 10% of the net proceeds from any distribution under this Prospectus will be used for research and development. Accordingly, each Prospectus Supplement will include a description of the timing and stage of research and development programs that will be funded by such proceeds, the major components of such programs (included anticipated costs), a statement of whether the Company is conducting its own research and development, subcontracting for those services or a combination thereof, and the additional steps required to reach commercial production and an estimate of costs and timing. There may be circumstances where, on the basis of results obtained or for other sound business reasons, a re-allocation of funds may be necessary or prudent. Accordingly, management of the Company will have broad discretion in the application of the proceeds of an offering of Securities. The Companys ultimate use might vary substantially from what is stated in this Prospectus or a Prospectus Supplement and the actual amount that the Company spends in connection with each intended use of proceeds may vary significantly from the amounts specified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement and will depend on a number of factors, including those referred to under Risk Factors and any other factors set forth in the applicable Prospectus Supplement.
The use of proceeds allocated to working capital will be used to fund corporate, administration and business development activities in support of the research and development activities undertaken by the Company.
The Company had negative cash flow from operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 as it commenced its Phase 2b trial for LN during 2014 and expects that the proceeds from any distribution under this Prospectus will primarily be used to fund expected negative cash flow from operating activities as the Company continues with its voclosporin clinical development program.
More detailed information regarding the use of proceeds from the sale of Securities will be described in any applicable Prospectus Supplement.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will describe prior sales of the Company as required in a Prospectus Supplement with respect to the issuance of Securities pursuant to such Prospectus Supplement.
The Common Shares are listed on the TSX in Canada (trading symbol: AUP) and on NASDAQ in the United States (trading symbol: AUPH). The Common Shares began trading on the NASDAQ on September 2, 2014.
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low prices (in Canadian dollars) and volume of Common Shares traded for each month on the TSX.
TSX
Month | Price Range (CDN$) | Total Volume | ||||||||||
High | Low | |||||||||||
October, 2014 |
$ | 4.35 | $ | 2.75 | 237,664 | |||||||
November, 2014 |
$ | 4.39 | $ | 3.26 | 212,501 | |||||||
December, 2014 |
$ | 4.50 | $ | 3.88 | 131,237 | |||||||
January, 2015 |
$ | 4.44 | $ | 4.00 | 626,833 | |||||||
February, 2015 |
$ | 5.90 | $ | 3.86 | 557,449 | |||||||
March, 2015 |
$ | 7.00 | $ | 5.11 | 394,125 | |||||||
April, 2015 |
$ | 5.60 | $ | 4.42 | 194,198 | |||||||
May, 2015 |
$ | 5.12 | $ | 4.18 | 147,577 | |||||||
June, 2015 |
$ | 4.50 | $ | 3.70 | 107,458 | |||||||
July, 2015 |
$ | 4.94 | $ | 3.80 | 316,426 | |||||||
August, 2015 |
$ | 5.34 | $ | 3.51 | 148,626 | |||||||
September 2015 |
$ | 4.66 | $ | 3.75 | 44,178 | |||||||
October 1 to 15, 2015(1) |
$ | 4.09 | $ | 3.69 | 24,574 |
(1) | October 15, 2015 was the last trading day prior to the date of this Prospectus. |
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low prices (in United States dollars) and the volume of shares traded for each month on NASDAQ.
NASDAQ
Month | Price Range (US$) |
Total Volume | ||||||||||
High | Low | |||||||||||
October, 2014 |
$ | 4.01 | $ | 1.41 | 180,204 | |||||||
November, 2014 |
$ | 4.35 | $ | 3.20 | 286,137 | |||||||
December, 2014 |
$ | 5.39 | $ | 3.50 | 331,640 | |||||||
January, 2015 |
$ | 3.96 | $ | 3.08 | 523,951 | |||||||
February, 2015 |
$ | 4.86 | $ | 3.03 | 769,165 | |||||||
March, 2015 |
$ | 5.65 | $ | 4.11 | 2,895,790 | |||||||
April, 2015 |
$ | 4.52 | $ | 3.66 | 1,096,718 | |||||||
May, 2015 |
$ | 4.37 | $ | 3.44 | 1,049,840 | |||||||
June, 2015 |
$ | 3.60 | $ | 2.99 | 662,465 | |||||||
July, 2015 |
$ | 3.78 | $ | 3.00 | 2,455,759 | |||||||
August, 2015 |
$ | 4.30 | $ | 2.91 | 961,414 | |||||||
September 2015 |
$ | 3.59 | $ | 2.78 | 545,100 | |||||||
October 1 to 15, 2015(1) |
$ | 3.34 | $ | 2.84 | 130,133 |
(1) | October 15, 2015 was the last trading day prior to the date of this Prospectus. |
The Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Common Shares, without nominal or par value. As of October 16, 2015, 32,287,419 Common Shares are issued and outstanding. In addition, 5,916,114 Common Shares are reserved for issuance upon exercise of existing warrants and 2,670,192 Common Shares have been reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding options.
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The holders of Common Shares are entitled to one (1) vote per share held at meetings of shareholders, to receive such dividends as declared by the Company and to receive a share of the remaining property and assets of the Company upon dissolution or winding up of the Company. The Common Shares are not subject to any future call or assessment and there are no pre-emptive, conversion or redemption rights attached to such shares.
The Company may issue Warrants to purchase Common Shares. The Company may issue Warrants independently or together with other Securities, and Warrants sold with other Securities may be attached to or separate from the other Securities. Warrants will be issued under and governed by the terms of one or more warrant indentures (each a Warrant Indenture) between the Company and a warrant trustee (the Warrant Trustee) that the Company will name in the relevant Prospectus Supplement. Each Warrant Trustee will be a financial institution or trust company organized under the laws of Canada or any province thereof and authorized to carry on business as a trustee.
This summary of some of the provisions of the Warrants is not complete. The statements made in this Prospectus relating to any Warrant Indenture and Warrants to be issued under this Prospectus are summaries of certain anticipated provisions thereof and do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all provisions of the applicable Warrant Indenture. Prospective investors should refer to the Warrant Indenture relating to the specific Warrants being offered for the complete terms of the Warrants. A copy of the form of Warrant Indenture will be filed by the Company with the applicable securities regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement relating to any Warrants offered by the Company will describe the particular terms of those Warrants and include specific terms relating to the offering. This description will include, where applicable:
| the designation and aggregate number of Warrants; |
| the price at which the Warrants will be offered; |
| the currency or currencies in which the Warrants will be offered; |
| the date on which the right to exercise the Warrants will commence and the date on which the right will expire; |
| the number of Common Shares that may be purchased upon exercise of each Warrant and the price at which and currency or currencies in which the Common Shares may be purchased upon exercise of each Warrant; |
| the designation and terms of any Securities with which the Warrants will be offered, if any, and the number of the Warrants that will be offered with each Security; |
| the date or dates, if any, on or after which the Warrants and the other Securities with which the Warrants will be offered will be transferable separately; |
| whether the Warrants will be subject to redemption and, if so, the terms of such redemption provisions; |
| whether the Company will issue the Warrants as global securities and, if so, the identity of the depositary of the global securities; |
| whether the Warrants will be listed on any exchange; |
| material United States and Canadian federal income tax consequences of owning the Warrants; and |
| any other material terms or conditions of the Warrants. |
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Rights of Holders Prior to Exercise
Prior to the exercise of their Warrants, holders of Warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the Common Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants.
Global Securities
The Company may issue Warrants in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities, which will be registered in the name of and be deposited with a depositary, or its nominee, each of which will be identified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. The global securities may be in temporary or permanent form. The applicable Prospectus Supplement will describe the terms of any depositary arrangement and the rights and limitations of owners of beneficial interests in any global security. The applicable Prospectus Supplement also will describe the exchange, registration and transfer rights relating to any global security.
Modifications
The Warrant Indenture will provide for modifications and alterations to the Warrants issued thereunder by way of a resolution of holders of Warrants at a meeting of such holders or a consent in writing from such holders. The number of holders of Warrants required to pass such a resolution or execute such a written consent will be specified in the Warrant Indenture.
The Company may amend any Warrant Indenture and the Warrants, without the consent of the holders of the Warrants, to cure any ambiguity, to cure, correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision, or in any other manner that will not materially and adversely affect the interests of holders of outstanding Warrants.
DESCRIPTION OF SUBSCRIPTION RECEIPTS
The Company may issue Subscription Receipts, which will entitle holders to receive upon satisfaction of certain release conditions and for no additional consideration, Common Shares, Warrants or any combination thereof. Subscription Receipts will be issued pursuant to one or more subscription receipt agreements (each, a Subscription Receipt Agreement), each to be entered into between the Company and an Escrow Agent (the Escrow Agent), which will establish the terms and conditions of the Subscription Receipts. Each Escrow Agent will be a financial institution or trust company organized under the laws of Canada or a province thereof and authorized to carry on business as a trustee. A copy of the form of Subscription Receipt Agreement will be filed by the Company with the applicable securities regulatory authorities in Canada and the United States.
The following description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of Subscription Receipts and is not intended to be complete. The statements made in this Prospectus relating to any Subscription Receipt Agreement and Subscription Receipts to be issued thereunder are summaries of certain anticipated provisions thereof and are subject to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all provisions of the applicable Subscription Receipt Agreement and the Prospectus Supplement describing such Subscription Receipt Agreement.
The Prospectus Supplement relating to any Subscription Receipts the Company offers will describe the Subscription Receipts and include specific terms relating to their offering. All such terms will comply with the requirements of the TSX and NASDAQ relating to Subscription Receipts. If underwriters or agents are used in the sale of Subscription Receipts, one or more of such underwriters or agents may also be parties to the Subscription Receipt Agreement governing the Subscription Receipts sold to or through such underwriters or agents.
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General
The Prospectus Supplement and the Subscription Receipt Agreement for any Subscription Receipts the Company offers will describe the specific terms of the Subscription Receipts and may include, but are not limited to, any of the following:
| the designation and aggregate number of Subscription Receipts offered; |
| the price at which the Subscription Receipts will be offered; |
| the currency or currencies in which the Subscription Receipts will be offered; |
| the designation, number and terms of the Common Shares, Warrants or combination thereof to be received by holders of Subscription Receipts upon satisfaction of the release conditions, and the procedures that will result in the adjustment of those numbers; |
| the conditions (the Release Conditions) that must be met in order for holders of Subscription Receipts to receive for no additional consideration Common Shares, Warrants or a combination thereof; |
| the procedures for the issuance and delivery of Common Shares, Warrants or a combination thereof to holders of Subscription Receipts upon satisfaction of the Release Conditions; |
| whether any payments will be made to holders of Subscription Receipts upon delivery of the Common Shares, Warrants or a combination thereof upon satisfaction of the Release Conditions (e.g., an amount equal to dividends declared on Common Shares by the Company to holders of record during the period from the date of issuance of the Subscription Receipts to the date of issuance of any Common Shares pursuant to the terms of the Subscription Receipt Agreement); |
| the terms and conditions under which the Escrow Agent will hold all or a portion of the gross proceeds from the sale of Subscription Receipts, together with interest and income earned thereon (collectively, the Escrowed Funds), pending satisfaction of the Release Conditions; |
| the terms and conditions pursuant to which the Escrow Agent will hold Common Shares, Warrants or a combination thereof pending satisfaction of the Release Conditions; |
| the terms and conditions under which the Escrow Agent will release all or a portion of the Escrowed Funds to the Company upon satisfaction of the Release Conditions; |
| if the Subscription Receipts are sold to or through underwriters or agents, the terms and conditions under which the Escrow Agent will release a portion of the Escrowed Funds to such underwriters or agents in payment of all or a portion of their fees or commission in connection with the sale of the Subscription Receipts; |
| procedures for the refund by the Escrow Agent to holders of Subscription Receipts of all or a portion of the subscription price for their Subscription Receipts, plus any pro rata entitlement to interest earned or income generated on such amount, if the Release Conditions are not satisfied; |
| any contractual right of rescission to be granted to initial purchasers of Subscription Receipts in the event this Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement under which Subscription Receipts are issued or any amendment hereto or thereto contains a misrepresentation; |
| any entitlement of the Company to purchase the Subscription Receipts in the open market by private agreement or otherwise; |
| whether the Company will issue the Subscription Receipts as global securities and, if so, the identity of the depositary for the global securities; |
| whether the Company will issue the Subscription Receipts as bearer securities, registered securities or both; |
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| provisions as to modification, amendment or variation of the Subscription Receipt Agreement or any rights or terms attaching to the Subscription Receipts; |
| the identity of the Escrow Agent; |
| whether the Subscription Receipts will be listed on any exchange; |
| material United States and Canadian federal tax consequences of owning the Subscription Receipts; and |
| any other terms of the Subscription Receipts. |
The holders of Subscription Receipts will not be shareholders of the Company. Holders of Subscription Receipts are entitled only to receive Common Shares, Warrants or a combination thereof on exchange of their Subscription Receipts, plus any cash payments provided for under the Subscription Receipt Agreement, if the Release Conditions are satisfied. If the Release Conditions are not satisfied, Holders of Subscription Receipts shall be entitled to a refund of all or a portion of the subscription price therefor and all or a portion of the pro rata share of interest earned or income generated thereon, as provided in the Subscription Receipt Agreement.
Escrow
The Escrowed Funds will be held in escrow by the Escrow Agent, and such Escrowed Funds will be released to the Company (and, if the Subscription Receipts are sold to or through underwriters or agents, a portion of the Escrowed Funds may be released to such underwriters or agents in payment of all or a portion of their fees in connection with the sale of the Subscription Receipts) at the time and under the terms specified by the Subscription Receipt Agreement. If the Release Conditions are not satisfied, holders of Subscription Receipts will receive a refund of all or a portion of the subscription price for their Subscription Receipts plus their pro-rata entitlement to interest earned or income generated on such amount, in accordance with the terms of the Subscription Receipt Agreement. Common Shares or Warrants may be held in escrow by the Escrow Agent, and will be released to the holders of Subscription Receipts following satisfaction of the Release Conditions at the time and under the terms specified in the Subscription Receipt Agreement.
Rescission
The Subscription Receipt Agreement will also provide that any misrepresentation in this Prospectus, the Prospectus Supplement under which the Subscription Receipts are offered, or any amendment thereto, will entitle each initial purchaser of Subscription Receipts to a contractual right of rescission following the issuance of the Common Shares or Warrants to such purchaser entitling such purchaser to receive the amount paid for the Subscription Receipts upon surrender of the Common Shares or Warrants, provided that such remedy for rescission is exercised in the time stipulated in the Subscription Receipt Agreement. This right of rescission does not extend to holders of Subscription Receipts who acquire such Subscription Receipts from an initial purchaser, on the open market or otherwise, or to initial purchasers who acquire Subscription Receipts in the United States.
Global Securities
The Company may issue Subscription Receipts in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities, which will be registered in the name of and be deposited with a depositary, or its nominee, each of which will be identified in the applicable Prospectus Supplement. The global securities may be in temporary or permanent form. The applicable Prospectus Supplement will describe the terms of any depositary arrangement and the rights and limitations of owners of beneficial interests in any global security. The applicable Prospectus Supplement also will describe the exchange, registration and transfer rights relating to any global security.
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Modifications
The Subscription Receipt Agreement will provide for modifications and alterations to the Subscription Receipts issued thereunder by way of a resolution of holders of Subscription Receipts at a meeting of such holders or a consent in writing from such holders. The number of holders of Subscriptions Receipts required to pass such a resolution or execute such a written consent will be specified in the Subscription Receipt Agreement.
Common Shares may be sold under this Prospectus by way of a secondary offering by or for the account of certain of the Companys securityholders. The Prospectus Supplement that the Company will file in connection with any offering of Common Shares by selling securityholders will include the following information:
| the names of the selling securityholders; |
| the number or amount of Common Shares owned, controlled or directed by each selling securityholder; |
| the number or amount of Common Shares being distributed for the account of each selling securityholder; |
| the number or amount of securities of the Company to be owned by the selling securityholders after the distribution and the percentage that number or amount represents of the total number of the Companys outstanding securities; |
| whether Common Shares are owned by the selling securityholders both of record and beneficially, of record only or beneficially only; |
| if the selling securityholder purchased the Common Shares being distributed within two years preceding the date of the Prospectus Supplement, the date or dates the selling securityholder acquired the Common Shares; and |
| if the selling securityholder acquired the Common Shares being distributed in the twelve months preceding the date of the Prospectus Supplement, the cost thereof to the selling securityholder in the aggregate and on a per share basis. |
New Issue
The Company may sell the Securities offered by this Prospectus:
| to or through underwriters, dealers, placement agents or other intermediaries; |
| directly to one or more purchasers, or |
| in connection with acquisitions by the Company. |
The applicable Prospectus Supplement will set forth the terms of the offering of the Securities, including:
| the name or names of any underwriters, dealers or other placement agents; |
| the purchase price of, and form of consideration for, the Securities and the proceeds to the Company; |
| any delayed delivery arrangements; |
| any underwriting commissions, fees, discounts, and other items constituting underwriters compensation; |
| any offering price; |
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| any discounts or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to dealers; and |
| any securities exchanges on which the Securities may be listed. |
Only the underwriters named in a Prospectus Supplement are deemed to be underwriters in connection with the Securities offered by that Prospectus Supplement.
The Securities may be sold, from time to time in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices which may be changed or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market price or at negotiated prices, including sales in transactions that are deemed to be at the market distributions as defined in National Instrument 44-102 Shelf Distributions.
Under agreements which may be entered into by the Company, underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of Securities may be entitled to indemnification by the Company against certain liabilities, including liabilities under any applicable Canadian provincial securities legislation, or to contribution with respect to payments which such underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make in respect thereof. The underwriters, dealers and agents with whom the Company enters into agreements may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for, the Company in the ordinary course of business.
In connection with the offering of the Securities, the underwriters may over-allot or effect transactions which stabilize or maintain the market price of the Securities offered at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. Such transactions, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time. A purchaser that acquires Securities forming part of the underwriters over-allocation position acquires those Securities under this Prospectus, regardless of whether the over-allocation position is ultimately filled through the exercise of the over-allotment option or secondary market purchases. No underwriter or dealer involved in the distribution, no affiliate of such an underwriter or dealer and no person or company acting jointly or in concert with such an underwriter or dealer will over-allot Securities or effect any other transactions that are intended to stabilize or maintain the market price of the Securities in connection with any distribution of Securities that is an at the market distribution.
Secondary Offering
This Prospectus may also, from time to time, relate to the offering of Common Shares by certain selling securityholders.
The selling securityholders may sell all or a portion of Common Shares beneficially owned by them and offered hereby from time to time directly or through one or more underwriters, broker-dealers or agents. If Common Shares are sold through underwriters or broker-dealers, the selling securityholders will be responsible for underwriting discounts or commissions or agents commissions. Common Shares may be sold by the selling securityholders in one or more transactions at fixed prices, at prevailing market prices at the time of the sale, at varying prices determined at the time of sale, or at negotiated prices. These sales may be effected in transactions, which may involve crosses or block transactions, as follows:
| on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the securities may be listed or quoted at the time of sale; |
| in the over-the-counter market; |
| in transactions otherwise than on these exchanges or systems or in the over-the-counter market; |
| through the writing of options, whether such options are listed on an options exchange or otherwise; |
| ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers; |
| block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; |
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| purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account; |
| an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange; |
| privately negotiated transactions; |
| short sales; |
| sales pursuant to Rule 144 under the U.S. Securities Act; |
| broker-dealers may agree with the selling securityholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share; |
| a combination of any such methods of sale; and |
| any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law. |
If the selling securityholders effect such transactions by selling Common Shares to or through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, such underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling securityholders or commissions from purchasers of Common Shares for whom they may act as agent or to whom they may sell as principal (which discounts, concessions or commissions as to particular underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved). In connection with sales of Common Shares or otherwise, the selling securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers, which may in turn engage in short sales of Common Shares in the course of hedging in positions they assume. The selling securityholders may also sell Common Shares short and deliver Common Shares covered by this Prospectus to close out short positions and to return borrowed shares in connection with such short sales. The selling securityholders may also loan or pledge Common Shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell such shares.
The selling securityholders may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the Common Shares owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell Common Shares from time to time pursuant to this Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement filed under General Instruction II.L. of Form F-10 under the U.S. Securities Act, amending, if necessary, the list of selling securityholders to include, pursuant to a prospectus amendment or Prospectus Supplement, the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as selling securityholders under this Prospectus. The selling securityholders also may transfer and donate Common Shares in other circumstances in which case the transferees, donees, pledgees or other successor in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this Prospectus.
The selling securityholders and any broker-dealer participating in the distribution of Common Shares may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the U.S. Securities Act, and any commission paid, or any discounts or concessions allowed to, any such broker-dealer may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the U.S. Securities Act. At the time a particular offering of Common Shares is made, a Prospectus Supplement, if required, will be distributed which will identify the selling securityholders and provide the other information set forth under Selling Securityholders, set forth the aggregate amount of Common Shares being offered and the terms of the offering, including the name or names of any broker-dealers or agents, any discounts, commissions and other terms constituting compensation from the selling securityholders and any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or re-allowed or paid to broker-dealers.
Under the securities laws of some states, Common Shares may be sold in such states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states Common Shares may not be sold unless such shares have been registered or qualified for sale in such state or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and is complied with.
There can be no assurance that any securityholder will sell any or all of Common Shares registered pursuant to the registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part.
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The selling securityholders and any other person participating in such distribution will be subject to applicable provisions of Canadian securities legislation and the U.S. Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitations, Regulation M under the U.S. Exchange Act, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the Companys Common Shares by the selling securityholders and any other participating person. Regulation M may also restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the Companys Common Shares to engage in market-making activities with respect to the Companys Common Shares. All of the foregoing may affect the marketability of the Companys Common Shares and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the Companys Common Shares.
Once sold under the shelf registration statement, of which this Prospectus forms a part, Common Shares will be freely tradable in the hands of persons other than the Companys affiliates.
CERTAIN INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
The applicable Prospectus Supplement may describe certain Canadian federal income tax consequences to an investor who is a non-resident of Canada or to an investor who is a resident of Canada of acquiring, owning or disposing of any of the Companys Securities offered thereunder.
The applicable Prospectus Supplement may also describe certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of any of the Companys Securities, offered thereunder by an initial investor who is a U.S. person (within the meaning of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code), including, to the extent applicable, such consequences related to debt securities payable in a currency other than the U.S. dollar, issued at an original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes or containing early redemption provisions or other special items.
The auditors of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. are PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has reported on the Companys fiscal 2013 and 2014 audited consolidated financial statements, which have been filed with the securities regulatory authorities and incorporated herein. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is independent with respect to the Company within the meaning of the Rules of Professional Conduct of the Chartered Professional Accountants of Alberta.
TRANSFER AGENTS AND REGISTRARS
The co-transfer agents and co-registrars of Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc. are Computershare Investor Services Inc. located at its principal offices in Calgary, Alberta and Toronto, Ontario and Computershare Trust Company, N.A. located at its principal offices in Golden, Colorado.
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Gregory Ayers, Hyuek Joon Lee, David Jayne, Charles Rowland and Stephen Zaruby are directors of the Company and reside outside of Canada. Each of these directors has appointed the following agent for service of process in Canada:
Name of Person |
Name and Address of Agent | |
Gregory Ayers, Hyuek Joon Lee, David Jayne, Charles Rowland and Stephen Zaruby | Borden Ladner Gervais LLP 1200 Waterfront Centre 200 Burrard Street, P.O. Box 48600 Vancouver, BC V7X 1T2 | |
Attention: Stephen P. Robertson |
Purchasers are advised that it may not be possible for investors to enforce judgments obtained in Canada against any person or company that is incorporated, continued or otherwise organized under the laws of a foreign jurisdiction or resides outside of Canada, even if the party has appointed an agent for service of process.
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Certain legal matters relating to the Securities offered by this Prospectus will be passed upon for the Company by Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, Vancouver, British Columbia. The partners and associates of Borden Ladner Gervais LLP, Vancouver, British Columbia beneficially own, directly or indirectly, less than 1% of the Common Shares issued by Aurinia Pharmaceuticals Inc.
WHERE CAN YOU FIND MORE INFORMATION
The Company is required to file with the securities commission or authority in each of the applicable provinces of Canada annual and quarterly reports, material change reports and other information. In addition, the Company is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act, and, in accordance with the Exchange Act, the Company also files reports with, and furnishes other information to, the SEC. Under a multijurisdictional disclosure system adopted by the United States and Canada, these reports and other information (including financial information) may be prepared in accordance with the disclosure requirements of Canada, which differ in certain respects from those in the United States. As a foreign private issuer, the Company is exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and the Companys officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, the Company is not required to publish financial statements as promptly as U.S. companies.
You may read any document the Company files with or furnishes to the securities commissions and authorities of the applicable provinces of Canada through SEDAR and any document the Company files with, or furnishes to, the SEC at the SECs public reference room at Station Place, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference rooms. Certain of the Companys filings are also electronically available on EDGAR, and may be accessed at www.sec.gov.
ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
The Company is a corporation existing under the Business Corporations Act (Alberta). Most of the Companys directors and officers, and the experts named in this Prospectus, are residents of Canada or otherwise reside outside the United States, and all or a substantial portion of their assets may be, and a substantial portion of the Corporations assets are, located outside the United States. The Company has appointed an agent for service of process in the United States (as set forth below) but it may be difficult for holders of securities who reside in the United States to effect service within the United States upon those directors, officers and experts who are not residents of the United States. It may also be difficult for holders of securities who reside in the United States to realize in the United States upon judgments of courts of the United States predicated upon the Companys civil liability and the civil liability of the Companys directors, officers and experts under the United States federal securities laws. The Company has been advised that a judgment of a U.S. court predicated solely upon civil liability under U.S. federal securities laws or the securities of blue sky laws of any state within the United States, would likely be enforceable in Canada if the United States court in which the judgment was obtained has a basis for jurisdiction in the matter that would be recognized by a Canadian court for the same purposes. The Company has also been advised, however, that there is substantial doubt whether an action could be brought in Canada in the first instance on the basis of the liability predicated solely upon U.S. federal securities laws.
The Company filed with the SEC, concurrently with the Companys registration statement on Form F-10 of which this Prospectus is a part, an appointment of agent for service of process on Form F-X. Under the Form F-X, the Company appointed CT Corporation System, 111 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10011 as the Companys agent for service of process in the United States in connection with any investigation or administrative proceeding conducted by the SEC, and any civil suit or action brought against or involving the Company in a U.S. court arising out of or related to or concerning the offering of securities under this Prospectus.
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CANADIAN PURCHASERS STATUTORY AND CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS
Securities legislation in certain of the provinces of Canada provides purchasers with the right to withdraw from an agreement to purchase securities. This right may be exercised within two business days after receipt or deemed receipt of a Prospectus or a Prospectus Supplement relating to the securities purchased by a purchaser and any amendments thereto. In several of the provinces, the securities legislation further provides a purchaser with remedies for rescission or, in some jurisdictions, revision of the price or damages if the Prospectus or a Prospectus Supplement relating to the securities purchased by a purchaser and any amendments thereto contain a misrepresentation or is not delivered to the purchaser, provided that the remedies for rescission, revision of the price or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchasers province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchasers province or territory for the particulars of these rights or consult with a legal adviser.
In an offering of Warrants or Subscription Receipts, investors are cautioned that the statutory right of action for damages for a misrepresentation contained in the Prospectus is limited, in certain provincial securities legislation, to the price at which the Warrants or Subscription Receipts are offered to the public under the Prospectus offering. This means that, under the securities legislation of certain provinces, if the purchaser pays additional amounts upon conversion or exchange of the security, those amounts may not be recoverable under the statutory right of action for damages that applies in those provinces. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchasers province for the particulars of this right of action for damages or consult with a legal adviser.
Original purchasers of Warrants or Subscription Receipts (if offered separately) will have a contractual right of rescission against Aurinia in respect of the exercise of such Warrant or Subscription Receipt. The contractual right of rescission will entitle such original purchasers to receive, in addition to the amount paid on original purchase of the Warrant or Subscription Receipt the amount paid upon exercise upon surrender of the underlying securities gained thereby, in the event that this Prospectus (as supplemented or amended) contains a misrepresentation, provided that: (i) the exercise takes place within 180 days of the date of the purchase of the Warrant or Subscription Receipt under this Prospectus; and (ii) the right of rescission is exercised within 180 days of the date of purchase of the Warrant or Subscription Receipt under this Prospectus. This contractual right of rescission will be consistent with the statutory right of rescission described under section 131 of the Securities Act (British Columbia), and is in addition to any other right or remedy available to original purchasers under section 131 of the Securities Act (British Columbia) or otherwise at law.
Original purchasers are further advised that in certain provinces the statutory right of action for damages in connection with a prospectus misrepresentation is limited to the amount paid for the security that was purchased under a prospectus, and therefore a further payment at the time of exercise may not be recoverable in a statutory action for damages. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchasers province for the particulars of these rights, or consult with a legal advisor.
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CERTIFICATE OF AURINIA PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
Dated: October 16, 2015
This short form prospectus, together with the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference, will, as of the date of the last supplement to this prospectus relating to the securities offered by this prospectus and the supplement(s), constitute full, true and plain disclosure of all material facts relating to the securities offered by this prospectus and the supplement(s) as required by the securities legislation of British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario.
/s/ STEPHEN W. ZARUBY |
/s/ DENNIS BOURGEAULT | |
Stephen W. Zaruby | Dennis Bourgeault | |
President and Chief Executive Officer | Chief Financial Officer |
On Behalf of the Board of Directors
/s/ RICHARD GLICKMAN |
/s/ CHARLES A. ROWLAND, JR. | |
Richard Glickman | Charles A. Rowland, Jr. | |
Director | Director |
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